The American Civil War 1861-1865

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The American Civil War1861-1865
The Confederacy
The Union
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The Presidents During the Civil War

• Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis

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The White Houses During The Civil War
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Flags of the Civil War

• Union Confederacy

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Uniforms Of The Civil War
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Civil War Strengths
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Confederacy South

• Defensive Tactics
• Southern Lifestyle
• Strong Group of Generals and Officers

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Union North

1. Population
2. Industrial Capacity
3. Railroads
4. Navy
5. Food Production
6. Abraham Lincoln

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Civil War Strategies

• The Anaconda Plan(Winfield Scott)
• 1)Use a Naval Blockade to stop goods from going
  in and out of Southern Ports.
• 2)Divide the Confederacy in half by taking and
  controlling the Mississippi River.
• 3)Take the Confederacys Capitol City of Richmond
  and end the rebellion.
• Union

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Confederate Strategy To Win Independence

• 1)The Confederacy develops a defensive strategy
  to protect the Capitol and drive out the invader.
• 2)The Confederacy works to build an Independent
  Country that will be recognized by England and
  France.
• 3)Fight a long grueling war and force the Union
  to stop the invasion.

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Union Soldiers

• Total Deaths
• 389,753
• Wounded in Action
• 275,175
• Total casualties, 1861 to 1865
• 664,928

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Confederate Soldiers

• Killed in action or mortally wounded
• 94,000
• Total Deaths
• 289,000
• Wounded in action
• 194,026
• Total casualties, 1861 to 1865
• 483,026

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Civil War Generals and Officers
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Famous Confederate Generals and Officers
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General Robert E. Lee

• January 19, 1807 October 12, 1870
• A top graduate of West Point, Lee distinguished
  himself as an exceptional soldier in the U.S.
  Army for thirty-two years. He is best known for
  commanding the Confederate Army of Northern
  Virginia in the American Civil War.
• Captor of John Brown

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General P.G.T Beauregard

• May 28, 1818(1818-05-28) February 20, 1893
  (aged 74)
• nicknames Little Creole, and Little Napoleon.
• Led the attack on Ft. Sumter and later Bull Run.
• He took over command at Shiloh

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General Thomas StonewallJackson

• January 21, 1824 May 10, 1863
• My religious belief teaches me to feel as safe
  in battle as in bed. God has fixed the time for
  my death. I do not concern myself about that, but
  to always be ready, no matter when it may
  overtake me.
• Rode into battle with left hand in the air
  (balance)
• Habitually sucked on lemons even during battle.

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General Albert Sidney Johnston

• (February 2, 1803 April 6, 1862)
• Tonight we will water our horses in the Tennessee
  River.
• he was given command of the western theater of
  operations.
• Killed at the Battle of Shiloh (Leg)

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General J.E.B Stuart

• February 6, 1833 May 12, 1864
• During his 1862 ride around McCellan, J.E.B.
  Stuart captured 145 prisoners, 200 mules, and 16
  escaped slaves he lost only one man, Captain
  William Latane.
• On May 11, during the Battle of Yellow Tavern,
  J.E.B. Stuart was mortally wounded by Michigan
  private John Huff.
• Eyes and ears of Lees Army

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General James Longstreet

• January 8, 1821 January 2, 1904
• Longstreet had many nicknames like War-horse, Old
  Pete and the Dutchman.
• He was the commander of Northern Virginia's First
  Corps.
• He is credited with inventing defensive trench
  warfare.

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General George Pickett

• January 28,1825 -July 30, 1875
• His name in Civil War history was secured in a
  losing cause, the charge against the Federal
  center on the third day at Gettysburg.
• Graduated last in his class at West Point.
• Picketts doomed infantry charge at Gettysburg
  was the first time he took his division into
  combat.

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General Joseph E. Johnston

• February 3, 1807 March 21, 1891
• Confederate general who never suffered a direct
  defeat during the American Civil War (186165).
  His military effectiveness, though, was hindered
  by a long-standing feud with Jefferson Davis.
• he was credited in July with the first important
  Southern victory at the First Battle of Bull Run
  (Manassas

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General John Bell Hood

• (1831-1879)
• In the battle at Chickamauga, in 1863, he lost
  his right leg. He was promoted to General and
  became commander of the Army of Tennessee. While
  in command, he lost every battle.
• He was a rash fighter. He performed well in
  subordinate roles, not as an army commander.

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General A. P. Hill

• November 9, 1825 ? April 2, 1865
• Became known for wearing a bright red shirt into
  battle.
• The youngest major general in the Army of
  Northern Virginia.
• In the assault that finally broke the Confederate
  lines at Petersburg (Apr. 2, 1865), Hill, with
  characteristic impulsiveness, went out to rally
  his troops and was killed.

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General Richard Ewell(1817-72)

• Lost his leg in the second battle of Bull Run
  (Aug., 1862)
• Well succeeded the late Stonewall Jackson as
  commander of the 2d Corps and led Lee's advance
  in the Gettysburg Campaign..
• During the Wilderness Campaign(1864) he sustained
  further injury and was forced to retire from the
  field but commanded the defenses of Richmond
  until the city fell in Apr., 1865.

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General John C. Pemberton(1814-1881)

• Chose to fight for the Confederacy because of his
  wife Pattie.
• Best know for his defense of Vicksburg.
• Chose to surrender Vicksburg on July 4th.
• He accepted a demotion in order to continue
  fighting for the Confederacy.

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General Braxton Bragg

• March 22, 1817 -September 27, 1876
• Fought at the battle of Shiloh.
• Won a Confederate Victory at Chickamauga.
• He later served as advisor to his friend Jeff
  Davis

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General Jubal Early

• November 3, 1816 ? March 2, 1894
• Lawyer who voted against Succession
• Served under Jackson and Lee
• Commander in Valley Campaigns 1864
• Led a daring raid to the outskirts of Washington
  D.C.

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General Nathan Bedford Forrest July 13, 1821 -
October 29, 1877

• If you surrender you shall be treated as
  prisoners of war, but if I have to storm your
  works you may expect no quarter.
• Born with a twin sister.
• Started as a Private and rose to General.
• Fort Pillow (1864)
• Founded and later denounced the KKK.
• had 30 horses shot from under him and personally
  killed 31 men in hand-to-hand combat. "I was a
  horse ahead at the end," he said.

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Famous Union Generals and Officers
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General Ulysses S. GrantApril 27, 1822 ? July
23, 1885

• Born Hiram Ulysses Grant. (Hug)
• Worked as a store clerk at the start of the Civil
  War.
• Cigar Smoker/Drinker
• After success at Vicksburg he was promoted to
  Chief General of the Union Army.
• Accepted Lees surrender at Appomattox
  Courthouse.
• Later served as President Of The United States.

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General William Tecumseh Sherman February 8, 1820
? February 14, 1891

• War is cruelty. There is no use trying to reform
  it. The crueler it is, the sooner it will be
  over.
• Best known for his March to the Sea
• Considered the first Modern General
• Later fought in the Indian Wars.

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General Irvin McDowellOctober 15, 1818 ? May 4,
1885

• Instructor at West Point.
• Best known for his command at Bull Run.
• He commanded the Third Corps at Second Bull Run.
  Another defeat for the Union.

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General George B. McCellan(Dec. 3, 1826, d. Oct.
29, 1885)

• Known as Little Napoleon, Mac, and his inactivity
  in battle.
• Failed to capture Lee during the Peninsula
  Campaign and later at Antietam.
• Cautiousness was caused by his lack of knowledge
  of troop strength.
• Fired by Lincoln twice.
• Ran against Lincoln in 1864. (Lost)

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Admiral David Farragut1801-1870

• Damn the Torpedoes! Full Speed ahead!
• Helped capture the city of New Orleans. (1862)
• Defeated Confederate forces at Mobile Bay(1864)
  to help control the Mouth of the Mississippi
  River.
• Family has a strong naval tradition.

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General John PopeMarch 16, 1822 ? September 23,
1892

• Success and glory are in the advance, disaster
  and shame lurk in the rear.
• Had success in the Western Theatre. (Memphis)
• Fell into Lees trap at Second Bull Run.
• Relieved of his command(1862)
• Later he was involved in the Indian Wars

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General Ambrose BurnsideMay 23, 1824 ? September
13, 1881

• Best known for his side whisker hair and failure
  as a General.
• Antietam -1862 (Burnsides Bridge)
• Fredericksburg -1862
• (Maryes Heights)
• The Crater/Petersburg 1864
• Aggressive and Loyal General who was prone to
  mistakes.

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General Joseph HookerNovember 13, 1814 ? October
31, 1879

• I have the finest army on the planet. I have the
  finest army the sun ever shone on. ... If the
  enemy does not run, God help them. May God have
  mercy on General Lee, for I will have none.
• He commanded Army of the Potomac at
  Chancellorsville.
• He restored his reputation somewhat by his good
  leadership on Lookout Mountain and in the Atlanta
  campaign.

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General George MeadeDecember 31, 1815 ? November
6, 1872

• A damned old goggled-eyed snapping turtle
• while he was respected by most of his peers, he
  was not well-loved by his army
• He is best known for defeating Robert E Lee at
  Gettysburg, 1863
• Criticized by Lincoln because he allowed Lee to
  escape.
• Replaced by General Grant

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General Philip SheridanMarch 6, 1831 ? August 5,
1888

• Leader of the Calvary Corps (Potomac)
• Used Scorched Earth to defeat his enemy.
• Instrumental in capturing Lee at Appomattox.
• Later know for his service during the Indian
  Wars
• Helped promote the creation of Yellowstone
  National Park.

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Don Carlos BuellMarch 23, 1818 ? November 19,
1898

• Shiloh - He helped to reinforce General Grant and
  turn back the Confederate forces.
• Stopped Braxton Braggs invasion of Tennessee but
  he failed to capture Bragg and was relieved of
  command.

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General John BufordMarch 4, 1826 ? December 16,
1863

• Calvary Officer for the Union Army.
• Hero at the Battle of Gettysburg.
• Clashed with Henry Heath on the first day of
  battle.
• Allowed the Union army time to capture the High
  Ground at the end of the first day of battle.

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General Winfield Scott Hancock February 14, 1824
? February 9, 1886

• his tactical skill had won him the quick
  admiration of adversaries who had come to know
  him as the 'Thunderbolt of the Army of the
  Potomac.
• Fought and was wounded in the battles of
  Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg.
• Held Back Picketts Charge at Gettysburg.
• Executed the Conspirators to Lincolns
  assignation.
• Ran for President in 1880. (Lost to Hayes)

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General Daniel Sickles1819-1914

• Served in congress for New York (1857-1861)
• Killed the Son of Francis Scott Key.
• Acquitted on grounds of temporary mental
  insanity.
• Lost his leg at the Battle of Gettysburg.
  (Wheatfield and Peach Orchard.
• Nickname is Devil Dan because of his bad
  behavior.

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Colonel Joshua ChamberlainSeptember 8, 1828
February 24, 1914

• Colonel in the 20th Maine.
• Fought at Fredericksburg survived the attack on
  Maryes Heights.
• Best known for his leadership in the defense of
  Little Round Top
• Participated in the Surrender of Lees Army at
  Appomattox Courthouse.
• Later became Governor of Maine.
• President of Bowdoin College in Maine

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General William RosecransSeptember 6, 1819 ?
March 11, 1898

• Old Rosy(Nickname)
• Had success in the Western Theatre of the Civil
  War under Grant.
• Corinth, Stones River, and Tullahoma Campaign.
• Battle of Chickamauga(1863)- attacked Braxton
  Bragg too soon and his army was almost destroyed
• Relieved of command and replaced by George H.
  Thomas.

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General George Henry Thomas 1816-1870

• West Point Cavalry Instructor - Known for
  training African American Troops.
• Best known for his stand at Chickamauga which led
  to his nickname The Rock of Chickamauga
• Served under Grant and Sherman.
• Fought in Atlanta and various battle in
  Tennessee.

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Colonel Robert Gould ShawOctober 10, 1837 ? July
18, 1863

• Colonel of the African American Regiment the 54th
  of Massachusetts.
• Fought at Antietam, James Island, and Ft. Wagner.
• Led the attack on Ft. Wagner in South Carolina.
• Died at Ft. Wagner and was buried with his men.

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General Benjamin Butler March 4, 1867 ? March 3,
1875

• Known as Beast Butlerand Spoons by Southern
  Whites.
• Occupied the City of New Orleans during the Civil
  War.
• Known for his treatment of Southern Women.
• Treated freed slaves as Contraband
• Executed William Mumford for lowering the United
  States Flag

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General Franz SigelNovember 18, 1824 ? August
21, 1902

• Started his military career in Germany and later
  fled to the United States.
• Organized the 3rd Missouri Volunteers.
• His army was defeated at Wilsons Creek but
  eventually removed the Confederate forces from
  Missouri.
• Defeated at New Market and was replaced

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Songs of the Confederacy

• "Lorena"
• "The Star-Spangled Cross and the Pure Field
  of White"
• "The South Shall Rise Up Free"
• "The Volunteer"
• "The Young Volunteer" NEW
• "When Johnny Comes Marching Home"
• "When This Cruel War Is Over"
• "Yellow Rose of Texas"
• "You Are Going to the Wars,

• "All Quiet Along the Potomac"
• "Battle Cry of Freedom" (Southern version)
• "Bonnie Blue Flag"
• "Dixie's Land"
• "Dixie, The Land of King Cotton"
• "Everybody's Dixie"
• "Flag of the Sunny South" NEW
• "Flight of Doodles"
• "God Save the South"
• "Goober Peas"

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Popular Songs Of The Union

• "Always Stand on the Union Side"
• "Battle Cry of Freedom"
• "Battle Hymn of the Republic"
• "John Brown's Body"
• "The Stars and Bars"
• When Johnny Comes Marching Home"
• "When Sherman Marched Down to the Sea"