Civil War

1
Civil War
1861-1865
2
Fort Sumter

• Confederates fire on Fort Sumter in South
  Carolina
• This will be the beginning of the Civil War
• Confederates take over courthouses and post
  offices

3
Lincoln Organizes Troops

• Lincoln call for 75,000 troops to volunteer to
  serve
• On April 17th Virginia the most heavily populated
  state secedes from the union

4
North vs. South

• North had the following
• More fighting power
• More factories
• Railroad System
• Greater food production

• South Had the Following
• Agriculture like Cotton
• First Rate Generals
• Highly motivated soldiers defending their homeland

5
Anaconda Plan

• Union Army would blockade southern ports
• Union boats would head down the Mississippi and
  split the confederate army in two
• Union armies would capture the capital which was
  Richmond Virginia

6
Battle of Bull Run

• Was a battle that took place 100 miles from the
  southern capital of Richmond Virginia
• This was the first battle
• Both sides had inexperienced soldiers
• Stonewall Jackson led the Confederate soldiers
• It would be the first victory for the confederates

7
Union Armies called from the West

• 50,000 soldiers are called up from the west
• George McClellan leads the new army
• February 1862 Ulysses S. Grant and the Union army
  invades Tennessee

8

• The confederates surrendered at Fort Donelson
• This was an unconditional surrender with no terms
• Shiloh- Union troops were surprised by
  confederate troops outside a small church
• Nearly 25,000 men were killed
• The confederates retreated

9
Revolution of Warfare

• The Union used a new type of technology called
  the ironclad ship, it could splinter wood ships
• North had the Monitor
• South had the Merrimack
• Rifles
• Minie Balls
• Hand grenades land mines

10
Antietam

• Was the bloodiest single day battle in American
  History.
• More than 26,000 troops died

11
Great Britain Remains Neutral

• Britain no longer relied on the souths cotton
• They relied on the norths corn as an essential
  import

12
Proclaiming Emancipation

• On January 1st 1863 President Lincoln issued the
  Emancipation Proclamation
• The proclamation did not free any slaves
  immediately
• It gave symbolic importance for the fighting the
  war

13
Habeas Corpus

• Is a court order that requires authorities to
  bring a person held in jail before a court to
  determine why they are being held.

14
Copperheads

• Were Northern Democrats who advocated peace with
  the south.
• They were arrested by the north, sent to trial,
  and convicted

15
Conscription

• Was a draft that would force certain members of
  population to serve in the army.
• Commutation- was the substitution of one kind of
  payment for another. 300.00

16
Matthew Brady was the American Civil War
photographer who became known as the father of
photojournalism. By being in the field of
operations, Matthew Brady and his team of
photographers were able to show Americans
something that they had not witnessed before
real images of war and its sad consequences.
17
Robert E. Lee - Confederate General from
Virginia. Resigned his commission before the war.
Opposed secession and slavery, but was loyal to
his state.
Thomas J. Jackson nicknamed Stonewall by the
confederates for his refusal to yield to the
Union armies.
18
Ulysses S. Grant Union General that went on to
be President of the U.S. Led troops in the
Tennessee and Mississippi Valley area.
George B. McClellan Union General that Lincoln
referred to as having a case of the slows
19
54th Massachusetts Regiment a all black
regiment led by Robert Gould Shaw, a white Union
officer. They were respected for their discipline
and courage.
20
Turning Points of the war Vicksburg took place
in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Led by Grant, the
Union army placed Vicksburg under
siege. Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863) Lees army
was pushing North and this concerned the Union.
The battle lasted for 3 days and ended up being
the bloodiest battle ever fought on American
soil. In November, President Lincoln honored the
dead by dedicating the battlefield as a cemetery
(Gettysburg Address).
21
William Tecumseh Sherman marched 250 miles from
the Tennessee/Georgia boarder to the port of
Savannah. His troops destroyed everything in
their way. Total War involves striking civilian
as well as military targets. 1864 Election
Lincoln won the election over his former General,
George McClellan.
22
The Legacy of The Civil War
23
Political Changes after the war the federal
government assumed national authority and no
state would ever again secede again from the
union.
24
Economic Changes the Northern states economy
boomed while the South was devastated
economically. The government also passed the
National Bank Act of 1863, this set up a system
of federally charted banks, set requirements for
loans, and provided for banks to be inspected.
25
Cost of the War 360,000 Union soldiers and
260,000 Confederate soldiers died, nearly as many
as all other American wars put together.
26
Birth of Freedom the Emancipation Proclamation
freed only the slaves in the states that were
behind confederate lines. 13th Amendment
outlawed slavery in the United States.
27

• Civilians Follow New Paths
• Lee became president of Washington College in
  Virginia.
• Grant became a U.S. President.
• Clara Barton helped establish the American Red
  Cross in 1881.

28
Lincolns Assassination Lincoln is assassinated
by John Wilkes Booth five days after Appomattox.
Lincoln and his wife are watching a play when
Booth sneaks into the Presidents box and shoots
him in the head.