The American Civil War

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The American Civil War

• 1861-1865

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The North vs. The South
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Civil War An armed conflict between groups of
people who belong to the same country.
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Abraham Lincoln 1858

• A house divided against itself cannot stand I
  believe this government cannot endure,
  permanently half slave and half free.

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Complete this chart in your notesas we go
through the next slides

• The North

• The South

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The North

• New ideas
• Industrialization
• Abolitionists
• Urbanization

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Northern President

• Abraham Lincoln

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Northern Army

• Union

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Northern General

• Ulysses S. Grant

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Northern Nickname

• The origin of Yankee is most likely the Dutch
  name Janke, meaning "little Jan" or "little
  John," a nickname that dates back to the 1680s.
• Perhaps because it was used as the name of
  pirates, the name Yankee came to be used as a
  term of contempt.
• It was used this way in the 1750s by General
  James Wolfe, the British general who secured
  British domination of North America by defeating
  the French at Quebec.
• The name may have been applied to New Englanders
  as an extension of an original use referring to
  Dutch settlers living along the Hudson River.
• Yankee is first recorded in 1765 as a name for an
  inhabitant of New England.
• During the American Revolution, American soldiers
  adopted this term as national pride.

• Yankees

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Political Cartoon

• Although blacks were free in the Northern states,
  they still faced racism discrimination.
• They were often denied jobs and those that did
  find jobs were not treated or paid equally as
  whites.
• Many were in poverty and either living in ghettos
  or on the streets.
• As a result, many fled into Canada, as the new
  Promise Land
• Not everyone in the North was anti-slavery. Many
  fought in the Civil War as they did not want to
  break up the country.

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The South

• Old traditions, customs
• Plantations
• Pro-slavery
• Rural

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Southern President

• Jefferson Davis

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Southern Army

• Confederates

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Southern General

• Robert E. Lee

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The Southern Nickname

• The Dixies

• The word "'Dixie'" refers to privately issued
  currency from banks in Louisiana. These banks
  issued ten-dollar notes, labeled "Dix", French
  for "ten", on the reverse side. The notes were
  known as "Dixies" by English-speaking
  southerners, and the area around New Orleans and
  the Cajun-speaking parts of Louisiana came to be
  known as "Dixieland". Eventually, usage of the
  term broadened to refer to most of the Southern
  States.

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The Confederates
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The Confederates

• Many people in the South were proslavery as their
  economies were depended on crops from
  Plantations.
• However, only ¼ of the population actually owned
  plantations.
• Not everyone in the South was proslavery many
  fought in the Civil War, as they wanted to break
  away from USA (refer to causes of ACW)

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Outbreak of the War

• November 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected
  President of the USA.
• December 1860, 11 states decided to leave the
  USA
• A new country was formed called the
  Confederate States of America (CSA), or the
  Confederacy.
• Jefferson Davis was chosen as the President for
  the Confederacy.

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Outbreak of the War

• The issue of slavery was not the sole cause.
  The immediate cause of the war was to stop the
  USA from breaking into 2 different countries.
• It was the bloodiest war anywhere in the world
  during the 19th century.

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Outbreak of the War

• On April 12th 1861, southern soldiers opened
  fire on the Union Army fortress, Fort Sumter at
  Charleston.

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Outbreak of the War

• Slaves in Virginia began to arrive at Union
  camps looking for freedom. They were declared as
  contraband of war because they were the property
  of the enemy. Contraband means illegal or
  smuggled goods therefore, the north used them to
  describe slaves who sought freedom.

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Outbreak of the War

• On January 1st 1863, President Lincoln issued
  the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted
  slaves their freedom. This brought to an end 250
  years of slavery.
• 1863, the Union began to officially recruit
  black soldiers

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Lincoln on the Front
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Outbreak of the War

• Mixed units were unthinkable and blacks were
  made to serve in separate regiments
• The 1st all black regiment were the 54th
  Massachusetts Regiment

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Movie Time

• Watch the movie Glory and complete the ICA

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The 54th Massachusetts Regiment
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Battle of Fort Wagner
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The War

• William H. Carney, a 23 year old black
  sergeant, was the 1st black American soldier to
  be awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor.

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The War

• The Confederate President, Jefferson Davis,
  proclaimed
• that any black captured during fighting would be
  returned to slavery
• any black officer in US Army uniform was to be
  executed
• and any white officer in command of an all black
  regiment was to be executed.

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The War

• December 1865, after the surrender of the South,
  the 13th Amendment of the United States
  Constitution became law. This was the
  Emancipation Proclamation.

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The 13th Amendment
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The War

• 6 days after the war had ended, Lincoln was
  shot dead by a Southern sympathizer, John Wilkes
  Booth as he watched a play at Fords Theater in
  Washington D.C.

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The Freedmens Bureau

• March 1865, the Freedmens Bureau was
  established to help the newly freed slaves adjust
  to their freedom.

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Democratic Party flyer of 1866 (Racism)