Animal Kingdom

1
Animal Kingdom

• Invertebrate Phylum

2
Animal Kingdom characteristics

• Eukaryotic
• Heterotrophic
• Multicellular
• Most sexual reproduction, asexual budding,
  fragmentation
• No cell walls

3
(No Transcript)
4
Symmetry

• Asymmetry
• Radial symmetry
• Bilateral symmetry

5
Porifera
6
The sponge

• Asymmetric
• Cell level of organization
• Cool characteristics
• Choanocytes
• Amoeboid cells
• Spicules/spongin
• Mostly Asexual reproduction
• sessile

7
Cnidarians
8
anthozoa, hydrozoa, scyphozoan

• Symmetry - radial
• Tissue layer of organization
• Gastrovascular cavity
• Cool characteristics
• Mesoglea
• Cnidocytes, nematocysts
• 2 body forms polyp and medusa

9
Nemertea and Platyhelminthes
10
Ribbon worms and flatworms

• Bilateral symmetry
• Gastrovascular cavity
• Sensory cells
• Level of organization?
• Cool characteristics
• Proboscis apparatus
• Free living or parasitic flatworms
• Cephalization
• Gas exchange through diffusion

11
Benefits of coelom body cavity

• Freer body movements outer wall independent of
  gut
• Ample space allows for growth of organs
• Fluid protects organs from damage
• Storage for reproductive, digestive wastes prior
  to being expelled
• Hydrostatic skeleton muscle contraction against
  fluid in cavity

12
Nematoda and Rotifera
13
Roundworms and rotifers

• Bilateral Symmetry
• Pseudocoelomates
• Cool characteristics
• parasitic roundworms Ascaris, Trichinella,
  filarial worms dogs (heartworm) humans
  (elephantiasis)
• Crown of cilia corona, locomotion

14
(No Transcript)
15
Protostomes Deuterostomes

• Mulluscs, annelids, arthropods
• Spiral and determinate
• cleavage
• Blastopore is mouth
• Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm

• Echinoderms and chordates
• Radial and indeterminate
• Blastopore is anus
• Coelom forms by outpocketing of primitive gut

16
Mollusca
17
mulluscs

• Bilateral Symmetry
• Coelomates
• Cool characteristics
• 3 part body plan (mantle, foot, visceral mass)
• Open circulatory system in most
• 3 main classes
• Bivalves
• Gastropoda
• cephalopoda

18
Annelids
19
Segmented worms

• Bilateral Symmetry
• Segmentation
• Digestive system with specialized regions
• Cool characteristics
• Marine worms, earth worms and leeches
• Setae bristles that anchor the worm
• hermaphroditic

20
Arthropods
21
Jointed appendages

• Bilateral Symmetry
• Cool characteristics
• Exoskeleton of chitin, molt
• Segmentation is modified for specialization
• Well developed nervous system
• Variety of respiratory organs
• Metamorphosis complete/incomplete

22
Echinoderms
23
Spiny skin

• Symmetry radial-(adults) and bilateral-(larvae)
• Cool characteristics
• Primarily bottom dwellers
• Larvae are free swimming filter feeders with
  bilateral symmetry
• Endoskeleton made of spiny calcium rich plates
  called ossicles
• Water vascular system - locomotion