Kingdom Protista

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Kingdom Protista

• Fidgety little critters!

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What is a Protist?

• Eukaryotic
• Has a nucleus!
• Mostly single celled
• Classified by
• MOVEMENT
• OBTAIN FOOD
• Animal-like
• Heterotrophic
• Plant-like
• Autotrophic (have chloroplasts)
• Fungus-like
• Parasitic
• REPRODUCE

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Animal-like Protists Sarcodinia

• Movement
• By pseudopods
• Little blobs of cytoplasm
• Means Fake Feet
• Consumer Nutrition
• Surround meal and bring into food vacuole
• Phagocytosis!
• Reproduction
• Binary Fission
• Organism
• Amoeba amoeba

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Amoeba
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Animal-like Protists Ciliates

• Movement
• By cilia
• Little hairs that beat like oars
• Consumer Nutrition
• Food is swept in by cilia to GULLET
• Contractile vacuoles collect and spit out water
• Reproduction
• Binary fission AND conjugation
• Organism
• Paramecium caudatum, Stentor coeruleus,
  Blepharisma

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Paramecium
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Stentor
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Plant-like Protists Flagellates (Volvox)

• Colonial organism
• Hundreds of individual cells live together
• Movement
• Long, whip-like flagella
• Whole colony moves together!
• Nutrition
• Autotrophic
• Contain chloroplasts! (Hence green color!)
• Reproduction
• Binary fission

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Volvox
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Euglenophytes The plant-like animal protist

• NO CELL WALL
• Has pellicle
• MOVEMENT
• TWO flagella
• NUTRITION
• Autotrophic (chloroplasts)
• Can be heterotrophic when no sunlight!
• Red spot helps organism to find sunlight
• REPRODUCTION
• By binary fission
• ORGANISM
• Euglena

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Euglena
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Helpful Diagrams for Lab
Also called eyespot
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Helpful Diagrams for Lab
Volvox
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Helpful Diagrams for Lab
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Helpful Diagrams for Lab
Stentor
Cilia
Mouth
Gullet
Contractile Vacuole
Food Vacuole
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General tips/tricks for success the next 2 days

• Follow ALL microscope rules/techniques youve
  learned!
• Focus on low power first with coarse adjustment.
• Then switch to higher powers and use fine
  adjustment.
• DO NOT mix the droppers! Only use Euglena
  droppers for Euglena, etc.
• Use same slide and cover slip and keep washing
  them off and drying them each time you get a new
  specimen.
• BE CAREFUL around the live specimen! Only ONE
  person per group should be making the slide.
  Dont crowd the area and increase the risk of
  spilling the specimen!!

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General tips/tricks for success the next 2 days

• The stentor and amoeba
• They are supposed to look like blobs of
  cytoplasm.
• They are NOT the tiny swimming things that you
  may see around the non-moving blobs. Those are
  probably some other protozoa like paramecium.
• You SHOULD move the slide around on the stage to
  search for specimen if you dont see anything
  at first.
• Also, some of them are VERY fast. Sometimes you
  only get a quick glance as they swim by.

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General tips/tricks for success the next 2 days

• If at first you dont succeed
• Its OK to go back and try to make another slide
  of the organism. It is quite possible to get one
  that does not have any of the organism in it.
• REMEMBER, you only need a few drops from the
  pipette onto the slide, though.

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General tips/tricks for success the next 2 days

• The volvox are SOOOO cool! They are my favorite!
• You may want to skip to these first just to
  ensure a good, LIVE, view of them!
• You MAY use a textbook for help labeling the
  diagrams, BUT the best help will be going to my
  website and using this PowerPoint!!
• The questions in the lab are easy and only
  require you to read the paragraphs about each
  organism.