The Animal Kingdom!

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The Animal Kingdom!
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What we have in common

• Multicellular
• Eukaryotic
• Heterotrophic (consumers our bodies dont
  produce our own foods)
• Mobile or have the ability to move
• Reproduce sexually ? produce an embryo that
  undergoes
• stages of development

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There are two main groups in the Animal Kingdom

• 1. Invertebrates lack a notochord

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• 2. Vertebrates
• -presence of common characteristics.
• - have a notochord
• rod of cartilage that runs lengthwise along the
  dorsal surface and beneath the nerve cord
• occurs only in embryo
• replaced by a cartilage or bone structure

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Major characterisitcs used to classify animals

• 1. Body organization Does the animal have
  tissues, or tissue organized into organs or organ
  systems.

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• 2. Body layers Does the animal have two or
  three layers?

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• 3. Digestive tract or gut Does the animals gut
  have only one opening or
  does it have two openings
• a mouth for food intake
• an anus for expulsion of waste

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• 4. Coelom (Body cavity) Does the animal have a
  true body cavity or, is it
  partially formed, or is it
  absent?

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• Number of Body Layers
• Germ Layers layers of cells in the embryo that
  give rise to specific tissues in the adult
• Ectoderm skin layer (skin and nervous
  feathers, hair, nails)
• Endoderm inner (lining of the gut)
• Mesoderm middle (organs of circulatory,
  reproductive, excretory,
  muscular)

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• Body Cavities
• Coelom the fluid filled space inside the body,
  lined with a layer of cells called the peritoneum
• located between the body wall and gut
• protects and contains internal organs
• less complex invertebrates may have an
  intermediate structure ? pseudocoelom, which is
  fluid filled space of variable shape and has no
  peritoneum

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• Symmetry
• radial symmetry
• ? two mirror image halves along different planes
• remain anchored in one spot or very slow moving
• bilateral symmetry
• ? divided into two mirror-image halves in only
  one way
• ? actively move