The Crusades

1
The Crusades

• A Series of holy wars launched in 1096 by
  European Christians Pope Urban II. They were an
  attempt to recapture the Holy Lands
• (Jerusalem, etc.) from the Muslims.

2

• Crusaders wore large crosses on tunics vowing to
  take up the cross

3

• First Crusade (1096-1099) the Pope asked for a
  volunteer army to defeat the Seljuk Turks I
  Jerusalem
• Crusaders massacred Muslims and Jews as they
  captured Jerusalem
• Created the crusader states

4

• 2nd Crusade, Seljuk's defeated the Christians for
  areas near Palestine.

5
3rd Crusade (1189-1192) Saladin's Muslim forces
had captured Jerusalem in 1187.
6

• Richard the Lionhearted of England fought to a
  stalemate.

Saladin
7

• The Fourth Crusade made a travesty of the whole
  idea of crusadingThe Crusaders captured the
  Christian city of Constantinople.
• these are the land
  walls of Constantinople

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Impact of the Crusades

• They jumpstarted trade throughout the
  Mediterranean area and the Middle East crusaders
  brought back fabrics (silk) spices (pepper)
  perfumes.
• Wider world view
• Power of Pope feudal rulers eventually declined
• Power of Kings increased
• Lasting bitterness between Muslims, Jews, and
  Christians.
• Weakened the Byzantine Empire

Black Pepper
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• Shield of Edward the Black Prince
  http//www.geocities.com/scalaska1/bigshield2.html
  
• Tunic http//www.mwart.com/xq/ASP.productlg/pid.2
  066/qx/crusader-tunic-with-rope-belt.htm
• Map of First Crusade http//alpha.montclair.edu/
  lebelp/Millennium.html
• Land Walls of Constantinople, recently restored
  to appear as they would have in 1204 A.D.
  http//www.geocities.com/egfrothos/FourthCrusade.h
  tml
• troubadour http//www.der-troubadour.de/minnesaen
  ger.htm
• Thomas Aquinas http//www.der-troubadour.de/minne
  saenger.htm
• Dantes Inferno, Gluttons http//www.vampyra.com/
  demons/glutton.htm
• Canterbury Tales http//www.germanistik.fu-berlin
  .de/lehrangebote/anglistik_ps_ue.html
• Black Plague http//webs.wichita.edu/mschneegurt/
  biol103/lecture14/lecture14.html
• Romanesque http//art-of-paris.ca/history3.html
• Reconquesta http//www.dartmouth.edu/izapa/Recon
  quest.html
• Joan of Arc http//www.hcdb.k12.hi.us/Studentwork
  /Joan.html
• gothic cathedral http//www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas
  /fnart/arch/gothic_arch.html

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• Saladin http//myweb.tiscali.co.uk/sherwoodtimes/
  page5.htm
• Black Pepper from Salt-n-Peppers Plus.com
• Ottoman Empire http//www.dartmouth.edu/gov46/
• men of the city http//herba.msu.ru/shipunov/e-al
  bum/lms.htm
• craftsmen http//homepage.ntlworld.com/trevor.bar
  ker/farisles/guilds/armour/mail.htm
• Battle of Hastings as depicted on the Bayeux
  Tapestry, the photo is from
• http//www.imh.org/imh/kyhpl2a.html
• Ferdinand and Isabella http//www.ignatiushistory
  .info/00133.html