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The Jefferson/Jackson Era

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Title: The Jefferson/Jackson Era


1
The Jefferson/Jackson Era
  • 1800-1840

2
V. War of 1812-"Mr. Madison's War"
  • A. Causes
  • 1. Freedom of the Seas Impressment-Britain
    and France were at war. American trading
    ships and sailors were caught in the middle.
  • 2. Embargo Act, 1807-Jefferson cut off trade
    with both sides. Very unpopular.

3
V. War of 1812-"Mr. Madison's War"
  • B. James Madison becomes President-1808
  • -Trouble with the Indians- Tecumsah organized
    Indians to defend their lands. This, along with
    the ongoing trading problems led to a large group
    of war supporters called War Hawks.
  • -Madison declares war on the British.

4
V. War of 1812-"Mr. Madison's War"
  • C. Actions-Americans invaded Canada, the British
    attacked and burned Washington, D.C.
  • Andrew Jackson became a war hero at the Battle
    of New Orleans and defeated large numbers of
    Indians in the South, leading to expansion.
  • D. Results-Treaty of Ghent-simple cease fire.
  • Side result-Adams-Onis Treaty-1819-
  • Spain gives Florida to the U.S.

5
VI. James Monroe 1816-1824The Era of Good
Feelings"
  • After the War of 1812, Americans finally
    became more nationalist.
  • A. Postwar changes
  • 1. The American System-All parts of the nation
    working together. Henry Clay proposes this
  • Protective tariffs, transportation
    improvements, and National Bank.
  • 2. Supreme Court decisions give court more
    power.

6
VI. James Monroe 1816-1824The Era of Good
Feelings"
  • B. Monroe Doctrine-1823
  • James Monroe established 2 foreign policy ideals
    in this speech
  • 1. Non-intervention-U.S. would not interfere in
    European affairs if European powers did not
    interfere in the Western Hemisphere.
  • 2. Non-colonization-Western Hemisphere was
    closed to any further colonization from
    European nations.

7
VII. New Party System-John Quincy Adams
  • -Federalists had died out
  • because of their lack of
  • support for the War of 1812.
  • They seemed disloyal.
  • -No political candidates wanted to be associated
    with the name Federalist.

8
VII. New Party System-John Quincy Adams
  • A. Election of 1824
  • Candidates John Quincy Adams
  • William Crawford
  • Andrew Jackson
  • Henry Clay
  • All Republicans!

9
VII. New Party System-John Quincy Adams
  • Results Jackson won more electoral votes but
    no one won a majority. Clay gave his support
    to Adams, causing him to win. Clay then
    became his Secretary of State.
  • Jackson called this a "corrupt bargain"
  • and vowed revenge.
  • -Adams presidency was unpopular because he
    tried to expand the government's powers.

10
VIII. Andrew Jackson's Presidency
  • A. Election of 1828
  • -Jackson wins easily after forming
  • the new Democratic Party.
  • - Jackson identified with the poor, western
    farmers, and frontiersmen.
  • -Jackson fired people in the government that
    opposed him replaced them with supporters.
  • (spoils system)
  • -He used his new power to veto and get revenge
    on his enemies.

11
VIII. Andrew Jackson's Presidency
  • B. Indian Removal Act of 1830
  • -Jackson passed this law moving all Indians west
    of the Mississippi River.
  • -Many Indians resisted and were removed by
    force.
  • -"Trail of Tears"-Cherokee moved from Georgia to
    Oklahoma, losing 25 of their population

12
VIII. Andrew Jackson's Presidency
  • C. Nullification the National Bank-"The
    Monster"-
  • Jackson believed in the supremacy of the federal
    government
  • 1. South Carolina threatened to secede from the
    Union over unfair tariffs that favored
    northern
  • merchants but hurt southern planters
  • 2. Jackson threatened South Carolina with
    force.
  • 3. Jackson disliked the national bank because
    it represented eastern wealth and
    aristocracy.
  • He said it made"the rich richer the poor
    poorer."

13
VIII. Andrew Jackson's Presidency
  • 4. After the 1832 election, Jackson
  • let the Bank's charter expire and
  • the deposits were transferred to
  • state banks.
  • 5. Results of the Bank War
  • -New York became the financial
  • center for the country.
  • -Whig Party was formed to oppose "King Andrew"

14
VI. Jackson's Successors
  • A. Martin Van Buren-1836
  • After his election, depression set in.
  • The Panic of 1837 was a result of
  • Jackson's economic policies.
  • This probably cost him re-election
  • B. Election of 1840
  • -Whigs nominated ex-General
  • William Henry Harrison (Pres) and John Tyler(VP)
  • -Harrison won but died one month after taking
    office.

15
VI. Jackson's Successors
  • C. John Tyler-
  • He vetoed many Whig attempts at legislation,
    including a new National Bank. This caused
    division in the party.

16
The Jefferson/Jackson Era
  • 1800-1840

The Jefferson/Jackson era resulted in a more
politically active and aware population.
Political parties became essential to the
political system.
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