The Middle Ages

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The Middle Ages
Mr. X Room 246 World History
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Europes Geography

• Diverse landscape, mountains, farmlands, coastal
  areas
• Navigable rivers
• Warmer climate from the - North Atlantic Drift

All this in a relatively small area
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The Germanic Kingdoms

• No Cities (small villages)
• No written laws (customs)
• 400 - 700 A.D. Larger Kingdoms start to take
  shape
• The Strongest of these Kingdoms was the Franks
• In 481, Clovis, King of the Franks took over
  Gaul (France)

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The Germanic Kingdoms
In 496, Clovis (a pagan) prayed to the Christian
God for a victory..he won. On Christmas Day,
he and 3,000 of his warriors were baptized Now
Clovis had a new ally - The Roman Catholic Church
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The Germanic Kingdoms
Charles Martel (686-741)
The Hammer
Charles Defeated the Muslims (Moors) at the
Battle of Tours (732) keeping them out of Europe
(other than Spain)
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Charlemagne 747 - 814

• King of the Franks
• defeated
• Lombards in N. Italy
• Saxons in Germany
• Muslims in S. France N. Spain
• Avars Slavs in the East

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Charlemagne
then in 800, Pope Leo III called on
Charlemagne to help put down a rebellion of Roman
Nobles Charlemagne came to the rescue.
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Charlemagne
On Christmas Day 800, Pope Leo III crowned him,
the.
HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR

• united Christian Europe
• tied Pope to western leaders
• began a rife with Eastern Europe

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Charlemagne
Controlled his huge Empire through nobles and
land grants he sent out. Royal
messengers who kept tabs on 200 nobles
missi domenici
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Charlemagne
Built his capital.. Aachen, this was to be
the 2nd Rome, and it was here that he established
new schools with Latin as the model going forward
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Charlemagne

• Charles the Great
• Central Government
• Spread Christianity
• Model for future kingdoms
• Education
• Preserved records
• Blended cultures

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Charlemagne
Charlemagne dies in 814.. His son Louis the
Pious rules from 814-840, when he died war
between his 3 sons breaks out for 2 years
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Treaty of Verdun 843
Divides Charlemagnes empire into three
kingdoms This weaken Europe, and the three
kingdoms later breakup even further
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(No Transcript)
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476 Rome Falls
1000 Leif Erikson Vinland
481 to 511 Clovis
747 to 814
714 to 744 Charles Martel the Hammer
843 Treaty of Verdun
Charlemagne
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After the Treaty of Verdun
Outsiders (Vikings, Moors, etc.) see an
opportunity with a weakened Europe
Landowners start to become more self-sufficient
Feudalism
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KING
Feudalism
Military money
Powerful Lord
Powerful Lord
Powerful Lord
Fiefs Protection
Military money
Lesser Lord
Lesser Lord
Lesser Lord
Lesser Lord
Lesser Lord
Lesser Lord
Fiefs Protection
right to farm Land
Labor fees
Serf
Serf
Serf
You
Serf
Serf
Serf
Serf
Serf
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Feudalism Vocabulary Sheet

• Feudalism - A political system that provided
  protection for its members.
• Hierarchy a group of people organized by rank.
• Fief A large feudal estate or farm.

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Feudalism Vocabulary Sheet

• Vassal - A person under the protection of the
  feudal lord.

• Oath of Fealty - an expression of loyalty to
  ones lord.

• Knight An armed soldier who served a lord.

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Feudalism Vocabulary Sheet

• Serf A peasant bound to work the land of a
  lord.

• Manor a castle, fief, or estate of a lord.

• Liege Superior Lord vassal ( 1 Lord vassal
  is committed to).

• Heraldry designing family coats of arms,
  recording genealogy.

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Knighthood

• Page Sent off to learn basic skills and.

SERVE

• Squire Begin the real training

• Knight Held to the highest standard honorable

Chivalry
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Vikings
Threatened Europe from 900 to 1100

• Only 3 of Norway is farmable

• Longships were extremely versatile

• Worked themselves up into a frenzy before battle

Berserk