later middle ages by R. Thomas

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LATER MIDDLE AGES

• R. Thomas

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Christian and Medieval Society
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The Church Shapes Politics and Society

• Clergy- church officials who were very
  influential in medieval European culture and
  politics
• Society- life revolved around the local church
• Pilgrims- journeyed to religious place
• Politics- church officials often became political
  advisors to local rulers

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Monks and Friars
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The Monks of Cluny

• Religious Order- They dedicated their lives to
  religion with common rule
• Living Apart from Society- Two new religious
  orders developed for those who wanted to live and
  teach among people. These were the Dominicans and
  the Francisans.

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Friars

• Francis of Assisi- Founder of the Franciscans
• Friars- These are members of the Dominicans and
  the Franciscans
• Living Within Society- The friars lived within
  society

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Universities are Built

• Thomas Aquinas- Wrote a reasoned argument for the
  existence of God.
• Created by Religious Leaders- Scholars wanted to
  establish a connection between religious faith
  and intellectual reason.
• Students Took Test Then and Now- Students were
  tested to see what they knew

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The Church and the Arts
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Religious Architecture

• The great Gothic cathedrals of late medieval
  Europe are among the most beautiful of all
  architectural achievements.

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Religious Art

• Their spires and high ceilings and colorful
  stained glass windows are all designed to bring
  people closer to God

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Magna Carta causes changes in England
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Magna Carta

• Document written by English nobles and signed by
  King John listing rights that the king could not
  ignore

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Effects of Magna Carta

• The council developed into parliament.

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3 Demands of Magna Carta

• No man shall be forced to perform more service
  for a knights fee, or other free holding of
  land, than is due from him
• Neither we or any royal office will take wood for
  our castle, or for any other purpose, without the
  consent of the owner
• In future no official shall place a man on trial
  upon his own unsupported statement, without
  producing credible witnesses to the truth of it
• These rules limited the kings power

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Changes After Magna Carta
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Magna Carta inspires nobles

• The Magna Carta inspired the nobles to find more
  ways to limit the kings power.

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Parliament

• In time, the council developed into Parliament,
  the lawmaking body that governs England today. By
  the late Middle Ages, kings could do little
  without Parliaments support.

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The king limits Magna Carta

• The king had the power to choose the judges for
  Parliament.

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The Hundred Year War
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The Course of the War

• The French king died and he had no heirs so his
  closest relative was his cousin. But the English
  king also wanted have the title King of France.
  So they went to war. England invaded France and
  won many key battles. Then the French rallied
  behind a teenage peasant girl, named Joan of Arc,
  and she led them to victory.

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The Results of the War

• In England, the war helped increase the power of
  Parliament because the king needed Parliaments
  approval to raise money to pay for the war. In
  France, the kings power grew after the war. Due
  to the kings great power, democracy in France
  would have to wait.

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The Black Death
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Where It Came From

• Traders from Asia unknowingly brought rats
  carrying the disease to Mediterranean ports. From
  there it quickly spread to Europe.

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How It Spread

• Fleas that fed on infected rats passed on the
  plague to people.

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What Disease Was It?

• The name of the actual disease was Bubonic Plague.

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Effect On Manor Life/ How Many Died?

• The old manor system, already weakened by the
  growth of cities, collapsed. Nearly a third of
  Europes population died because of this disease.

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What Happened To It

• The black death died down at the time but some
  cases break out today.