Later Middle Ages

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The Later middle Ages

• Kennedi Johnson

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Christianity and Medieval society
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The church shapes politics and society

• Clergy- is a church officials.) influential in
  medieval European culture and politics.
• Society- Life revolved around the local church
• Politics- Church officials became political.

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Monks and Friars
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The Monks of Cluny

• Religious order- The Monks from Cluny, France,
  made a new religious order.
• Living apart from society-Monks lived away from
  people.

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New orders and Friars

• Francis of Assisi- are made up of people called
  Friars. Dominic de Guzman, and Franciscans
  started Francis of Assisi.
• Friars- are apart of Francis of Assisi
• Living within society- Friars lived with people.
  Most of them lived in cities.

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Universities are built

• The first universities were built by the church.
• Religion, law, medicine, and philosophy were
  taught there.
• The students took test like they do today.

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Thomas Aquinas

• He wrote a reasoned argument for the existence of
  God.
• He also made a philosophical system called
  natural law.
• He was also a philosopher who showed how
  religious faith and reason could co-exist

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Natural Law

• Thomas Aquinas created natural law.
• This shows how God had ordered the world.
• This also showed how the world operated.

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Religious architecture and arts

• Religious architecture- Gothic cathedrals are
  among the most beautiful of all architectural
  achievements.

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Religious Art

• The windows where stained glass and are all
  designed to bring people closer to God.
• Walls to clergys robes to the books used, were
  also works of art.

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Magna Carta changes in England

• Magana Carta- A document written by English
  nobles and signed by King John listing right that
  he could not ignore.

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Who demanded this agreement?

• English nobles demanded the king to follow the
  laws just like they have to.

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Effects of Magna Carta
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What were the effects of M/C

• Led to more changes
• The king turned to a council of nobles for advice
  and money.

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Three demands and why they are important

• 1. No man should be forced to perform more
  service for the knights fee.
• 2. Neither we nor any royal official will take
  wood for our castle.
• 3. In future no official shall place a man on
  trial upon his own unsupported statement.
• These three statements helped the king organize
  the city

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Changes after Magna Carta
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What did M/C inspire the noble to do?

• The council of nobles helped to advise the king.

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Parliament

• The council developed into Parliament
• The law-making body that governs England today.

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How did the King limit M/C

• The king agreed to free courts of his control.

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The Hundred Years War

• England VS France

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The course of the War

• The king of France died with no sons. Two men
  claimed the throne. One of the men was French.
• The English invaded France and won many battles.
• Joan of Arc- was a peasant girl. She rallied the
  French troops. She was killed by the English.
• This war was between England and France.
• English King was trying to take control of
  Frances throne.

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Results of the War

• This war changed the government in both France
  and England.
• After the war, the French kings power grew.
• The democracy is France will have to wait because
  the government in France had changed and it would
  be useless.

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Black Death

• This disease came from central eastern Asia.
  Only the strong survived

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How it spread

• This disease spread by fleas. The rats carried
  fleas. If the flea bit you then you have the
  plague.

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What disease was it

• It was the buboes plague.

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Effect on men or lifeand Feudalism/how many died?

• About 25 million died in Europe. About the third
  of the population.
• In England alone about 1,000 villages were
  abandoned. This meant more food for the poor
  people

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What happened to it

• The disease went away because people cleaned up
  and there were not that many people there anymore.