Barreras para la Utilizaci

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Barreras para la Utilización de Gas Asociado y
Enfoque Integrado en la Utilización de Gas
Asociado

• Taller Nacional
• Impulsando la Alianza para Reducir la Quema de
  Gas en Ecuador
• Bent Svensson

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Barriers to gas development

• Underdeveloped domestic market for gas and gas
  products
• Gas pricing
• Lack of gas sector policies
• Limited institutional, legal and regulatory
  framework
• Fiscal system and contractual framework
• Infrastructure constraints and access to markets
• Funding constraints
• Lack of Co-operation between stakeholders

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GGFR Work Program

• Commercialization
• Consultations to identify and address associated
  gas utilization barriers
• Demonstration projects
• Small scale gas use
• Regulations for (associated) gas sector
  development
• Identification and dissemination of regulatory
  best practice
• Contractual issues surrounding associated gas
• Global Gas Flaring Standard
• Stakeholder engagement process, including
  measurement and reporting
• Carbon Credits
• Capacity building including methodology for
  flaring projects
• Representative projects assistance with crediting
  process

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Regulation in 44 countries

• WB carried out study of 44 oil producing
  countries
• Objective regulations and other factors that
  effected the flare and venting volume
• Findings countries that managed to reduce
  flaring and venting volumes adopted a combination
  of
• Efficient regulation
• Other incentives (fiscal policies reform of
  energy markets)

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Flaring and Venting Regulation

• Many countries have inadequate institutional
  capabilities
• often overlapping responsibilities
• clear and transparent operational processes and
  efficient regulatory procedures are lacking
• Issues
• contractual rights to assoc. gas (preemptive
  rights)
• lack of effective regulatory procedures for
  monitoring, measuring, and enforcing
• lack of financial resources and technical
  expertise to introduce comprehensive monitoring
  programs

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The Standard

• Provides framework for governments, companies,
  and other key stakeholders
• to consult each other and take collaborative/compl
  ementary actions
• Reduce barriers to associated gas utilization
• Encourages integrated approach
• market and infrastructure development,
  commercialization, legal and fiscal regulations,
  carbon credits
• Allows for flexibility to local conditions,
• balancing ambitious timescale with realistic
  constraints

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Adoption of the Standard

• Adoption of the Global Gas Venting and Flaring
  Reduction Voluntary Standard means that the
  stakeholders
• Endorse the principles set forth in the Standard
• Support collaboration with other stakeholders
  toward the utilization of associated gas and the
  reduction of flaring and venting
• Agree to publish flaring data through the
  government for transparency

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Carbon Credits

• Assisting with demonstration projects
• facilitating linkages to carbon finance
• Capacity building for stakeholders
• improving methodology issues
• Creating a forum for best practice
• on flare reduction and CDM/JI
• Providing technical assistance
• to help host countries in national approval
  processes and sustainable development
• Encouraging donors and providing study funding to
  support reduction projects

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Demonstration Projects (Commercial)
Approach
Projects

• Feasibility studies
• Project identification workshops
• Stakeholder facilitation

• Ohanet-Algeria / LPG- Indonesia
• Río del Rey-Cameroon / Sedigi-Chad
• Gulf of Guinea / Zafiro-EG / Ofon-Nigeria

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Demonstration Projects (Carbon Credit)
Methodology
Projects

• Gas to power
• Gas to pipeline
• Gas to reinjection
• Gas to LNG
• Gas to LPG

• Russian JI (Russia)
• Afam (Nigeria)
• TFT (Algeria)
• OB/OB (Nigeria)
• LNG (Angola)
• LPG (Indonesia)

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Small Scale Gas Utilization

• Purpose
• Finding solutions for associated gas utilization
  around the flare sites to benefit the local
  communities and the domestic market, and thereby
  meeting the poverty reduction mandate of GGFR.
• Project categories
• Small-scale power production/distribution at gas
  flaring site
• Small-scale gas distribution in vicinity of
  anchor customer
• LPG distribution scheme
• Improve quality of life around flaring sites
• Direct poverty alleviation impact

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Muchas gracias!
Visión de GGFR

• Para más información
• www.worldbank.org/ggfr