Compromise to Secession

1
Compromise to Secession

• Ch 14

2
1850s

• The decade of the 1850s was one of intense
  political turmoil in the US.
• Efforts to compromise the differences between
  North and South were at first successful.but it
  starts to turn for the worse again

3
Mexican Session

• Faced with problems, whether to allow slavery In
  the territories (California, Utah, and New Mexico
• Free soil, Extending the Missouri Compromise
  Line, Popular Sovereignty were all questioned
• Slaves in DC and Fugitive slaves were also
  discussed

4
Compromise of 1850

• Henry Clays proposal would settle the problem
  for a short while
• 1. California would remain Free
• 2. Popular Sovereignty for Utah and New Mexico
• 3. Set boarder between Texas and New Mexico in
  favor of New Mexico (Texas like today

5
Compromise of 1850

• 4. The Federal Gment would except the debt for
  Texas (from war with Mexico)
• 5. DC could keep slaves but not trade
• 6. More effective fugitive slave law

6
Election of 1852

• Last election under the 2nd party system
• Whigs vs. Democrats
• The Whigs fell apart as a result of the Kansas
  Nebraska Act

7
Kansas Nebraska Act

• Senator Steven Douglass from Ill.
• -Wanted to Organize Nebraska as a Territory.
• -run a RR from the Midwest to the Pacific
• The only way he could get southern support was by
  doing away with the 36 30

8
Free soilers

• Felt that The Fugitive Slave Act, the Repeal of
  the Missouri line, Kansas and Nebraska division,
  was a way for the those in favor of southern
  slave power to gain power!

9
Know Nothings

• Emerged for a short time as an alternated party,
  especially in the northeast
• They were hostile to immigrants and Catholics

10
The Republican Party

• Was forming from northern Whigs, northern
  democrats and in the future the know nothings
• Focused on Free soil

11
Boarder Ruffians

• Proslavery- crossed from Missouri to vote in
  Kansas
• There opponents the Free-Staters organized a
  rival G'Ment.
• Popular Sovereignty Failed in Kansas.

12
Lecompton

• Legislation to allow those in Kansas to decide if
  the wanted slavery. (above 36 30)
• President Pierce recognized and supported this
  legislation
• Senator Sumner from Massachusetts denounced
  Lecompton

13
Lecompton

• The honor of the south was avenged when Rep.
  Brooks of South Carolina beat Sumner senseless in
  the Capital building

14

• Election of 1856 Democrat James Buchanan he
  believed he could do nothing to restrict slavery.
  
• 1857 S. Court hands down the Dred Scott v.
  Sandford case. -

15
Dred Scott v. Sandford

• Chief Justice Roger Taney
• Scott was a slave / Free / not free
• no black whether free or slave could be a citizen
  of the US.
• He went on to declare the Miss. Compromise
  unconstitutional
• The North flipped at the Power of the South

16
Lincoln vs. Douglas Debates

• Lincoln and up an coming Rep.
• Douglas the Senates leading Dem. \
• - campaign for Ill. Sent Seat
• Lincoln asked him to reconcile his thought on
  Popular Sovereignty
• -Douglas said a territory can choose, by enacting
  their own law
• Douglas wins but Lincoln gains support

17
John Brown

• Harpers Ferry, Virginia .
• Ill planned many southerners felt that
  compromise was not possible.
• Southerners started to not see a difference
  between abolitionist and northerners

18
John Brown

• John Brown was a man of action -- a man who would
  not be deterred from his mission of abolishing
  slavery. On October 16, 1859, he led 21 men on a
  raid of the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry,
  Virginia. His plan to arm slaves with the weapons
  he and his men seized from the arsenal. Within 36
  hours of the attack, most of Brown's men had been
  killed or captured.

19
Lincoln

• Ran for the office, name was left off of many
  southern states tickets.
• SC threatened top secede from the union if he was
  elected and they did!
• 6 others soon followed

20
Upper South

• Much more hesitant to leave, they depended on the
  north much more for Economic reasons
• The WAR WILL FOLLOW