Road to Secession

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Road to Secession

• Events leading to Civil War

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Study Guide Identifications

• Sectionalism
• Compromise of 1850
• Fugitive Slave Act 1850
• Ostend Manifesto, 1854
• Kansas Nebraska Act, 1854
• Bleeding Kansas, 1855-1856
• Know Nothings
• Dred Scott v Sanford, 1857
• John Brown, 1859
• Election of 1860

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Study Guide Questions

• What are the major events that led to civil war?
• What debate was renewed with the acquisition of
  California Territory and its application for
  statehood?
• What major divisions existed in American Society?
• What is Zinns argument concerning the events
  that led the United States to wage a civil war?

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Politics of Sectionalism

• To exclude slavery from the western territories
  was exclude white southerners from pursuing their
  vision of American dream
• North politicians argued that exclusion preserved
  equality of all white men and women to live and
  work with out competition from slavery labor or
  rule by despotic slaveholders.

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Fugitive Slave Act, 1850

• Reinforced their right to seize and return to
  bondage slaves who had fled to free territory

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Fugitive Slave Act, 1850

• Response to the fugitive slave act
• Slave catches and planters enslaved free blacks,
  polarized north and south further
• Galvanized popular opinion against slavery
  further

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OsteOstend Manifesto
American minister to England James Buchanan,
minister to Spain Pierre Soule, and John Y.
Mason, minister to France. 1854
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This 1854 map shows slave states (grey), free
states (red), and US territories (green) with
Kansas in center (white).

• Kansas Nebraska Act, 1854

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Bleeding Kansas 1855 - 1856

• Competition of anti and pro slavery immigration
  Beginning of civil war
• Further polarized north and south

Titus and pro-slavery forces on their way to
attack Lawrence
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Know Nothings

• Political Realignment
• Know Nothings
• Mostly former Whigs
• Anti immigrant
• Extend naturalization from 1 to 21 years
• Anti- Catholic
• Legislation barring them from public office
• Nativist
• New Republican Party
• Anti-slavery conscious Whigs Democrats
• Most Important political force
• Democrats
• Pro-slavery, southern sectional party

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Dred Scott V Sanford, 1857

• Taney 9 justices - 2 days
• black people, not citizens, could not sue
• framers of the constitution never intended
  citizenship for slaves
• slaves being of an inferior order.so far
  inferior that they had not rights which the white
  man was bound to respect

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John Brown, 1859

• Raid against federal arsenal
• Harpers Ferry, Virginia.
• Trained his rebels took the arsenal
• Hoped to spark a slave revolt
• Captures and Hung for treason

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Election of 1860

• Democratic Party Split
• Nominated Stephen Douglas
• Former Whigs Constitutional Union Party
• Nominated John Bell
• Republicans
• nominated Lincoln

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