Kingdom Animalia

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Kingdom Animalia

• Why are animals classified as an animal?
• 2-26-07

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What are animals?

• Multicellular, eukaryotic heterotroph whose cells
  lack cell walls
• 2 major categories
• Invertebrates no backbone, 95 of all animals
• Vertebrates backbone, 5 of all animals
• 7 essential functions

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Feeding

• Herbivores animals that eat plants
• Carnivores animals that eat other animals
• Filter Feeders aquatic animals that strain
  plants and animals from water around them
• Detritivores feed on decaying animal and plant
  material called detritus
• Symbiotic relationship
• Parasite lives within or on another host

4
Respiration

• Take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide
• Some animals have thin walled bodies so that they
  can breathe through diffusion
• Other animals evolved complex tissues and organ
  systems

5
Circulation

• Smaller aquatic animals rely on diffusion for
  transport of oxygen, nutrients, and waste
• Larger animals have a circulatory system

6
Excretion

• Primary waste product of cellular metabolism is
  ammonia
• Buildup of ammonia is fatal to animals
• Excretory systems range from simply pumping out
  water to complex organs

7
Response

• Animals use nerve cells to respond to
  environmental changes
• Some are called receptors that respond to sound,
  light, and other stimuli
• Others process information and determine
  appropriate response

8
Movement

• Some animals reside their adult lives in a single
  spot
• Most animals are motile
• Muscles or musclelike tissues generate force by
  becoming shorter when stimulated

9
Reproduction

• Most animals reproduce sexually by producing
  haploid gametes
• Many invertebrates can also reproduce asexually

10
Animal Evolution

• Cell specialization allows complexity of animals
  for body organization
• Zygote forms a blastula
• Blastula folds in on itself to form a blastopore
  that consists of varying germ layers

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Body Symmetry

• Asymmetrical no directional organization
• Radial Symmetry body parts repeat around the
  center of the body
• Bilateral Symmetry body can be divided into two
  equal halves

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Cephalization

• Cephalization concentration of sense organs and
  nerve cells at the front end of the body (head)

13
Body Cavity Formation

• Body cavity fluid filled space between digestive
  tract and body wall
• Provides space for other organs of specialization