Kingdom Animalia

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Kingdom Animalia
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Characteristics of Animals

• Animals are multicellular, heterotrophic
  organisms made of eukaryotic cells.
• Most use ingestion to take in food with digestion
  taking place in an internal cavity.
• Most animals have some form of sensory and motor
  systems (capable of reacting to stimuli and
  movement).
• Most reproduce sexually with haploid gametes.

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The most primitive Animals

• Phylum Porifera (Sponges)
• Phylum Cnidaria (Jellyfish)
• Phylum Ctenophora (Comb Jellies)

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Phylum Porifera

• These organisms have a loosely arranged bunch of
  cells.
• They contain spicules which provide a skeletal
  system of sorts.
• Digestion is intracellular within food vacuoles
  of choanocytes (collar cells).
• May reproduce asexually with budding or
  regeneration.
• May reproduce sexually with sperm and egg.

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Internal Structure of the Sponge
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Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata)

• Radially symmetrical
• Gastrovascular (digestive) cavity
• Some muscle fibers
• Nematocysts (stinging cells)
• Body forms
• Medusa Polyp

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You gotta love Cnidarians

• Cnidarians provide tremendous benefits with the
  production of coral reefs

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Phylum Ctenophora

• The Comb Jellies
• Radial symmetry
• Eight longitudinal rows of fused cilia