The Civil War Begins

1
The Civil War Begins

• B5 Kaden Hardcastle

2
Battle of AntietamWhere was it?

• The battle took place in Sharpsburg Maryland.
• This is why it is also known as the Battle of
  Sharpsburg.
• During the Battle some Union soldiers crossed the
  Antietam Creek trying to attack the side of the
  oppponent.

3
Battle of AntietamWho was Involved?

• George B. McClellan was the major general of the
  Union army.
• He was born on December 3, 1826.
• He is known for forming the Army of the Potomac.
• The soldiers under his command liked having him
  as a general.
• Lincoln and McClellan did not see eye to eye
• He was also nicknamed Young Napoleon.

4
Battle of AntietamWho was Involved

• Robert E. Lee was the general of the Confederate
  army during this battle.
• He was born on January 19, 1807.
• His father was Light-Horse Henry, who was a
  military legend.
• People expected him to follow his fathers
  footsteps and become an amazing war general.
• He joined the States Military Academy. It would
  be a long time until he went into battle.

5
Battle of AntietamWhat Occurred During the
Battle?

• The battle took place from September 16-18, 1862.
• The Union had twice the amount of soldiers than
  the opponents in this battle. (87,000 to 45,000)
• After the Second battle of Bull Run, the
  Confederate army had made it into Union territory
  for the first time.
• The battle started with the Union attacking the
  Confederates first. The two sides pushed back and
  forth throughout the day, until The Union was
  able to pierce through the Confederate line,
  weakening them.
• The Unions final blow was sent when they had
  their soldiers run over the bridge across the
  Antietam creek. However some reinforcements
  arrived and pushed back the Union army. The
  Confederate Army retreated, and the Union let
  them go.

6
Battle of AntietamWhat Occurred During the
Battle? (cont.)

• This battle can be viewed as a draw, as neither
  army was completely defeated.
• However, President Lincoln and the Union
  considered this battle as a win, because they
  were able to push away the Confederate army.

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Battle of AntietamWhat was the Impact of the
Battle?

• Lincoln used this victory to introduce the
  Emancipation Proclamation.
• The Union had a total of 12,401 casualties.
• The Confederacy had a total of 10,316 casualties.
• This was considered one of the bloodiest days in
  history. Dirt roads were turning to mud from the
  amount of blood spilled.
• About 3,600 soldiers were killed and 19,000
  wounded, all in one day. Thats a total of 22,600
  casualties.
• This battle showed how harsh and terrible war was.

8
Antietam Review

• 1. What town did the battle take place by?
• Sharpsburg
• 2. Who was one of the generals and which side was
  he on?
• Robert E. Lee (C) George B. McClellan (U)
• 3. Which side claimed victory of this battle?
• Union
• 4.What did Lincoln deliver after this battle?
• Emancipation Proclamation

9
Battle of ShilohWhere was it?

• The battle took place by Pittsburg Landing, which
  is by the Tennessee River (In Hardin County).

• This is why it is also referred to as the Battle
  of Pittsburg Landing.
• A portion of the battle was fought near a Shiloh
  Church.

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Battle of ShilohWho was involved?

• Don Carlos Buell was the Major General for the
  Union
• He was born on March, 23 1818.

• Ulysses S. Grant was the General-In-Chief for the
  Union.
• He was born on April 27, 1822.

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Battle of ShilohWho was Involved?

• Albert Sidney Johnston was the general of the
  confederate army.
• He was born February 2, 1803.

• P.G.T. Beauregard was also a general of the
  confederate army.
• He was born on May 28, 1818.

12
Battle of ShilohWhat occurred?

• This battle took place from April 6-7, 1862.
• The Union had 65,085 soldiers, while the
  Confederacy had 44,968.
• The battle started when the Confederate soldiers
  surprised the Union at Pittsburg Landing in the
  morning while they were just waking up, having
  breakfast and starting their day.
• The Union retreated to a sunken road called the
  Hornets Nest.Here they held their ground in a
  defensive position. The two sides fought here
  throughout the day until night.
• General Johnston was killed and replaced by
  Beauregard during this time.

13
Battle of Shiloh What occurred? (cont.)

• During the next morning general Buell brought in
  his forces to help support Grant.
• With the Unions combined forces attacked the
  Confederacy, pressuring them to retreat.

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Battle of ShilohWhat was the Impact?

• The Union had a total of 13,047 casualties.
• The Confederacy had a total of 10,669 casualties.
• This battle had a total of 23,746 casualties even
  though it lasted barely 2 days.
• This was considered the bloodiest battle in
  history during this time.
• The Union won this battle through the Confederacy
  backing out and retreating.
• Ulysses S. Grant said there were so many dead
  bodies that you could walk across a huge
  cottonfield without your feet ever touching the
  ground.

15
Shiloh Review

• 1. Where Did the Confederacy surprise attack the
  Union?
• Pittsburg Landing
• 2. Which General died during this battle?
• Albert Sidney Johnston
• 3. What was the place called where the Union held
  their ground after the Confederacy surprise
  attack?
• Hornets Nest
• 4. Which side lost more men during this battle?
• Union

16
Northern Strategies

• The main strategy or goal was to beat the
  Confederacy into submission.
• The second strategy was for the Union to keep the
  border states on the Unions side. This included
  Maryland, Deleware, Kentucky, Missouri. This goal
  was essential for the Union
• These states had 2/3 of the Souths white
  population.
• 3/4 of the Souths industrial production.
• More than half of the Souths food and fuel.
• These states also gave them access to the Ohio
  and Missouri Rivers.
• Throughout the war each of the states remained
  loyal, however in there were several people who
  wanted others to join the Confederacy.

17
Northern Strategy (cont.)

• Their 3rd strategy was to have a naval blockade
  around the Confederate coastline.
• They did not want any of Europe (Great Britain,
  France etc.) to help the Confederacy.

18
Southern Strategy

• The Confederate goals were more simple, because
  they did not have to capture any of the north to
  win.
• Their main goal was to simply Defend the
  confederate soil. They also hoped to keep their
  army from being destroyed.
• Breaking the Unions will to fight them was also
  their hope of winning. They wanted the Union to
  give up after a large battle, of which they
  endured.