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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project Veneto
Region/CORILA Elena Gissi, PhD, Assistant
Professor, Iuav University of Venice/CORILA,
egissi_at_iuav.it Venice, 8thof November, 2012
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project

• Transnational strategy - CONTENTS
• The Transnational Strategy What is about?
• General approach mandate
• The role of stakeholders
• Science and Policy APICE perspective
• Targets of emissions reduction
• Methodology of planning cycle (data and measures
  scenarios time perspective)
• Measures Assessment (criteria and
  participation)
• Results (measures) comparison between Partners
• Ship emissions
• Cargo handling and Diesel equipment
• Road traffic and rail traffic
• Coordination, Inventorying, Coordinating and
  Communicating
• 8. Conclusions

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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
1. The Transnational Strategy What is about?
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
1. The Transnational Strategy What is about?
The Transnational Strategy is the result of
bottom up process, that have taken place in the
5 Port-Cities.
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
1. The Transnational Strategy What is about?
The Transnational Strategy is the result of
bottom up process, that have taken place in the
5 Port-Cities. The contents arise from the
comparison of the discussions of APICE Partners
with local stakeholders in each Port
City Decision makers and main Port actors were
involved to address air quality and to find out
a paths for pollution mitigation with innovative
solutions
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
2. General approach
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
2. General approach to the discussion
Approach Sustainable development of port
activities towards win-win strategies, respectful
of the environment and human health Mandate -
General target _ to pursue EU requirements for
coasts and seas sustainable management, as
required by the Maritime Strategy Framework
Directive (2008/56/EC) and recommended by the
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (2002) _ to
define a common Mediterranean strategy for the
mitigation of Port, Industries and Cities
Emissions, which can be used to upgrade Protocol
of Pollution (under the framework of Barcelona
Convention, 2006) _to achieve International and
European emissions reduction targets to find
rapid answers, where legal innovation and changes
are slow
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
3. The role of stakeholders (1/2)
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
3. The role of stakeholders (1/2)
Stakeholders
Actions/measures
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
3. The role of stakeholders (1/2)
Norms-rules
Enforceability
Stakeholders
Actions/measures
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
3. The role of stakeholders (1/2)
Norms-rules
Enforceability
Stakeholders
Actions/measures
Role-commitment
Implementability
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
3. The role of stakeholders (1/2)
Enforceability
Norms-rules
Stakeholders
Actions/measures
Costs
Role-commitment
Implementability
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
3. The role of stakeholders (2/2)
Stakeholders groups Group 1. Stakeholders in
charge of taking public decisions, as Local
Authorities (Municipal, Provincial and Regional
ones), Port Autorities, Authorities and
Government in charge of Air Quality and Planning
(regional or provincial), Environmental
Agencies Group 2. Stakeholders in charge of
operating in coastal areas in charge of private
preferences/decisions, as Shipping operators,
Port Traders, Trade Associations ,etc. Group 3.
General Public / local communities, as
Associations, Citizens, Universities, Research
and Study Centers, etc.
Level of Interaction Type of Interaction
Co-operating Interactive activities (working tables, technical exchange etc)
Co-thinking Surveys, working tables, presentations, Press conferences, interviews
Co-knowing Brochures, articles, Website, e-newsletter
Several stakeholders were involved in APICE
activities, with the participation of main
stakeholders, through working tables, technical
exchanges and interviews...
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
4. Science and Policy
BRIDGING THE GAP TOWARDS INFORMED POLICIES To
support a durable dialogue between bodies in
charge of air quality monitoring and modelling
with the stakeholders involved in decision making
process
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
4. Science and Policy
BRIDGING THE GAP TOWARDS INFORMED POLICIES To
support a durable dialogue between bodies in
charge of air quality monitoring and modelling
with the stakeholders involved in decision making
process
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
4. Science and Policy
BRIDGING THE GAP TOWARDS INFORMED POLICIES To
support a durable dialogue between bodies in
charge of air quality monitoring and modelling
with the stakeholders involved in decision making
process
Communication
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
5. Targets of emissions reduction
Top-down approach (Marseilles) targets of
emissions reduction established a-priori
according to Directives and Documents at National
and Regional level Bottom-up approach (Barcelona,
Venice, Genova) Assessment of mitigation
potential through, starting from potential
mitigation of a mix of several actions
assessment of concentrations reduction through
modelling.
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
5. Targets of emissions reduction
Top-down approach (Marseilles) targets of
emissions reduction established a-priori
according to Directives and Documents at National
and Regional level Bottom-up approach (Barcelona,
Venice, Genova) Assessment of mitigation
potential through, starting from potential
mitigation of a mix of several actions
assessment of concentrations reduction through
modelling.
International, National, Regional targets on
concentrations and emissions
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
5. Targets of emissions reduction
Top-down approach (Marseilles) targets of
emissions reduction established a-priori
according to Directives and Documents at National
and Regional level Bottom-up approach (Barcelona,
Venice, Genova) Assessment of mitigation
potential through, starting from potential
mitigation of a mix of several actions
assessment of concentrations reduction through
modelling.
International, National, Regional targets on
concentrations and emissions
Source Specific Performance Standards
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
5. Targets of emissions reduction
Top-down approach (Marseilles) targets of
emissions reduction established a-priori
according to Directives and Documents at National
and Regional level Bottom-up approach (Barcelona,
Venice, Genova) Assessment of mitigation
potential through, starting from potential
mitigation of a mix of several actions
assessment of concentrations reduction through
modelling.
International, National, Regional targets on
concentrations and emissions
Project/theme/activity Specific Standards and
goals
Source Specific Performance Standards
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
5. Targets of emissions reduction
Top-down approach (Marseilles) targets of
emissions reduction established a-priori
according to Directives and Documents at National
and Regional level Bottom-up approach (Barcelona,
Venice, Genova) Assessment of mitigation
potential through, starting from potential
mitigation of a mix of several actions
assessment of concentrations reduction through
modelling.
International, National, Regional targets on
concentrations and emissions
CASE STUDY AREA EMISSIONS REDUCTION GOALS
Project/theme/activity Specific Standards and
goals
Source Specific Performance Standards
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
5. Targets of emissions reduction
Top-down approach (Marseilles) targets of
emissions reduction established a-priori
according to Directives and Documents at National
and Regional level Bottom-up approach (Barcelona,
Venice, Genova) Assessment of mitigation
potential through, starting from potential
mitigation of a mix of several actions
assessment of concentrations reduction through
modelling.
International, National, Regional targets on
concentrations and emissions
CASE STUDY AREA EMISSIONS REDUCTION GOALS
Project/theme/activity Specific Standards and
goals
APICE
Source Specific Performance Standards
_ Time projections of targets achievement _
Feasibility of targets achievement with the
measures put in place (tracking methods)
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
6. APICE Methodology the Planning Cycle
Aim to coniugate monitoring, measuring,
modelling and decision making by sharing data and
information on activities.
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
6. APICE Methodology the Planning Cycle
Aim to coniugate monitoring, measuring,
modelling and decision making by sharing data and
information on activities.
Strategies and Measures
INVENTORYING
Scenarios _Activities _Location _Timing _Stakehold
ers involved
Concentrations
Emissions
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
6. APICE Methodology the Planning Cycle
Aim to coniugate monitoring, measuring,
modelling and decision making by sharing data and
information on activities.
Strategies and Measures
INVENTORYING
Scenarios _Activities _Location _Timing _Stakehold
ers involved
Concentrations
Emissions
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
6. APICE Methodology the Planning Cycle
Aim to coniugate monitoring, measuring,
modelling and decision making by sharing data and
information on activities.
Strategies and Measures
MONITORING
INVENTORYING
Scenarios _Activities _Location _Timing _Stakehold
ers involved
Atmospheric Model
Concentrations
Emissions
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
6. APICE Methodology the Planning Cycle
Aim to coniugate monitoring, measuring,
modelling and decision making by sharing data and
information on activities.
Strategies and Measures
MONITORING
INVENTORYING
Scenarios _Activities _Location _Timing _Stakehold
ers involved
Atmospheric Model
Concentrations
Emissions
Time Perspective for modelling
Venice ? 2020
Marseilles ? 2025
Barcelona ? 2015
Thessaloniki ? 2020
Genova ? 2020
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
7. Towards local adaptation plans
Strategy for each Case Study area
Measures cat. 1 Ship emissions
Measures cat. 2 Diesel Powered equipment
Measures cat. 3 Cargo handling equipment
Measures cat. 4 Rail emissions
Measures cat. 5 Diesel road vehicles
Measures cat. 6 Solid Bulks
Measures cat. 7 Inventoring, Monitoring,
Communicating
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
7. Towards local adaptation plans
Strategy for each Case Study area
Measures cat. 1 Ship emissions
Action no 1.1
Cluster of stakeholders no. 1.1
Action no 1.2
Cluster of stakeholders no. 1.2
...
...
Action no 1.n
Cluster of stakeholders no. 1.n
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
7. Towards local adaptation plans
Strategy for each Case Study area
Measures cat. 1 Ship emissions
Action no 1.1
Cluster of stakeholders no. 1.1
Action no 1.2
Cluster of stakeholders no. 1.2
...
...
Action no 1.n
Cluster of stakeholders no. 1.n
LOCAL ASSESSMENT
Roadmap for Local Adaptation Plan
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
7. Towards local adaptation plans Local
assessment
Criteria on which actions/measures were assessed
per each case study area
RANKING CRITERIA WEIGHT
1 Cost-effectiveness 9,28
2 Implementability 9,00
3 Emissions reduction potential 8,67
4 Technical feasibility 8,39
5 Costs 8,22
6 Enforceability 8,17
7 Co-benefits 8,00
8 Potential funding opportunities 8,00
9 Measureable results 7,22
10 Timeframe 5,50
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
7. Towards local adaptation plans Local
assessment
Criteria on which actions/measures were assessed
per each case study area
RANKING CRITERIA WEIGHT
1 Cost-effectiveness 9,28
2 Implementability 9,00
3 Emissions reduction potential 8,67
4 Technical feasibility 8,39
5 Costs 8,22
6 Enforceability 8,17
7 Co-benefits 8,00
8 Potential funding opportunities 8,00
9 Measureable results 7,22
10 Timeframe 5,50
To evaluate the feasibility of actions, between
environmental aspects and economic
aspects. Criteria assessment through Delphi
Method, which relies on a panel of experts to
assign weights and priorities, opportunities and
threats of each criterion. 18 participants, from
experts and stakeholders of the 5 port-cities
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
7. Towards local adaptation plans
Strategy for each Case Study area
Measures cat. 1 Ship emissions
Measures cat. 2 Diesel Powered equipment
Measures cat. 3 Cargo handling equipment
Measures cat. 4 Rail emissions
LOCAL ASSESSMENT
Measures cat. 5 Diesel road vehicles
Measures cat. 6 Solid Bulks
Measures cat. 7 Inventoring, Monitoring,
Communicating
Roadmap for Local Adaptation Plan
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
8. Local assessment
Criteria on which actions/measures were assessed
per each case study area
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
8. Local assessment
Criteria on which actions/measures were assessed
per each case study area
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
8. Local assessment
Criteria on which actions/measures were assessed
per each case study area
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
8. Local assessment
Criteria on which actions/measures were assessed
per each case study area
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
8. Local assessment
Criteria on which actions/measures were assessed
per each case study area

• Types of Actions on engines
• Technological strategies (Retrofit, Repower,
  Refuel, Repair/Rebuild, Replace, Improving Fuel
  Efficiency)
• Operational strategies (Trucking Reduced
  overnight idling, Reduced pick-up/drop-off
  idling, Port access improvements, Reduced highway
  speeds, Arterial signal synchronization, Driver
  training, Reduced empty mileage, etc Marine
  Cold ironing (electrification), Reduced port
  equipment idling, Reduced hotelling time, Reduced
  vessel speeds, Use of more efficient ships, etc

Implementability/Enforceability a. Regulatory
actions, as rules, by-laws, upgrading of
international, national or local normative
frameworks b. Non-regulatory actions, some
examples implementation of operational protocols
with respect to activities, shared by
stakeholders partnerships and incentive/defiscali
zation programs re-discussion of port
requirements with respect to contracts, leases,
agreements, etc.
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
9. Common Transnational Strategy - Results
Emerging points the need for a Mediterranean
Port-Cities Network Relation between each case
study area and the International legal
framework ? need to create a network of local
stakeholders to interact with EU and
International Stakeholders Relation between
each case study area and the main economic
actors, which are International ? need to
create a network of local stakeholders to
interact with International Economic
Actors Relation between each case study area and
its local conditions ? need to reflect on the
territorialization of targets and standards
on local conditions
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
9. Common Transnational Strategy - Results
Similar context _EU Directives on Air
Quality _International legislation on ships
(MARPOL, Annex VI) _EU reccomandation on ICZM and
Framework Directive on Marine Strategy _Trans-Euro
pean Transport Networks TEN-T _EU Standards per
vehicles categories (Directive 2001/116/EC) _Fuel
markets global markets
Local differences _Geographic, climate,
topographic _Emissions (inventorying and
monitoring) _Economic Situation, Trends and
Scenarios of each Port Cities _Stakeholders
involved, political agendas, capacity to involve
key actors _State of the art in term of Air
Quality Planning and Management _National,
Regional and local legislation and planning
framework
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
9. Common Transnational Strategy - Results
Similar context _EU Directives on Air
Quality _International legislation on ships
(MARPOL, Annex VI) _EU reccomandation on ICZM and
Framework Directive on Marine Strategy _Trans-Euro
pean Transport Networks TEN-T _EU Standards per
vehicles categories (Directive 2001/116/EC) _Fuel
markets global markets
APICE
Local differences _Geographic, climate,
topographic _Emissions (inventorying and
monitoring) _Economic Situation, Trends and
Scenarios of each Port Cities _Stakeholders
involved, political agendas, capacity to involve
key actors _State of the art in term of Air
Quality Planning and Management _National,
Regional and local legislation and planning
framework
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Action 1.1 On-shore Power Supply (OPS) Action
1.2 Change fuel while manouvreing Action 1.3
Alternative fuel (LNG)
Measure 1 Ship Emissions
Measure 2 Diesel powered equip- ment and Cargo
handling equipment
Action 2.1 Accelerated fleet turnover Action
2.2 Idle reduction programs Action 2.3
Alternative fuels
Action 3.1 Improvement of road system (to avoid
congestion) Action 3.2 Environmental excellence
certification for trucks Action 3.3 Mode
switching - Alternative fuels (CNG, LNG,
hybrid) Action 3.4 Idle reduction programs
Measure 3 Road Traffic
Action 4.1 Increase rail ratio through economic
incentives Action 4.2 Improvement of rail system
(access, avoid congestion) Action 4.3 Track
electrification
Measure 4 Rail Traffic
Action 5.1 Monitoring and control (protocol or
agreement between stakeholders, etc) Action 5.2
Port Air Quality Steering/Working
Committee Action 5.3 Data Sharing Inventoring
Emissions and Monitoring concentrations as the
base for planning Action 5.4 Communication
strategy
Measure 5 Inventorying, Monitor-ing,
Coordinating, Communicating
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
1.1
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure SHIP EMISSIONS
Action 1.1 On-shore Power Supply (OPS) Cities
All (Barcelona, Genova, Marseilles, Thessaloniki,
Venice)

• Analysis
• Marseilles (1) scenario involved one terminal
  and ships in rotation between Marseille and
  Corsica Island of by Marseille Port Authority,
  AirPACA and CNM Company
• Venice (1) OPS with energy production by
  Marghera power plant (by ENEL and Venice Port
  Authority) (2) OPS based on compact combined
  heat and power systems located in the vicinity of
  the docks (gas powered motors) (by VTP
  Engineering) (3) OPS through LNG Hybrid Barge
  (Hamburg Port case study).
• Observations
• Impacts at local scale in reducing potential
  impacts on highly urbanized areas.
• Local relevance of the emissions reduction, that
  might justify strong initial investments, as for
  the proximity to population.
• The emissions potential reduction with respect to
  the overall emissions inventory might be less
  relevant.

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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
1.2
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure SHIP EMISSIONS
Action 1.2 Change fuel while manouvreing Cities
All (Barcelona, Genova, Marseilles, Venice)

• Analysis
• New limits in sulphure content by 2020 imposed by
  IMO and EU Directive under revision
• Port Autorities, Ship Companies and ship
  operators towards 2020
• Fuel availability in 2020 (revision in 2018 to
  update the schedule) under discussion
• Retrofitting technologies as an alternative to
  the use of low sulphure fuels
• Observations
• Impacts in anticipating the entry into force and
  to discuss on implementability at local, Regional
  and International level
• Questions of Home Ports, about fuel availability
  and fuel price
• Importance in studying local impacts of the
  measure, affecting single engines, but whose
  effectiveness should be assessed with respect to
  local traffic and trends of economic development

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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
1.3
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure SHIP EMISSIONS
Action 1.3 Alternative fuel (LNG) Cities All
(Barcelona, Genova, Marseilles, Thessaloniki,
Venice)

• Analysis
• Barcelona LNG implementation requires (i)
  International and National legislation for ships
  with LNG propulsion (ii) infrastructure and
  logistics for LNG (iii) network for LNG
  promotion in maritime transport.
• Observations
• Scenario characterized by contextual
  uncertainties, that should be faced by a work in
  network at International and local level, and by
  economic and institutional actors.
• Successful strategy on LNG if implemented in a
  Network of ports, that could be related to EU
  transport Strategies, as TEN-T network and
  Motorways of the Sea (proposal of Barcelona)
  and/or according to Home Ports for ships engaged
  in scheduled traffic with frequent and regular
  port calls.
• Reference COSTA - 2011-EU-21007-S, TEN-T
  Multi-Annual Programme, LNG for Short Sea
  Shipping in the Mediterranean, Atlantic Ocean and
  Black Sea areas

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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
2.x
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure 2 Diesel powered equipment and Cargo
handling equipment
Action 2.1 Accelerated fleet turnover Action
2.2 Idle reduction programs Action 2.3
Alternative fuels Cities Barcelona, Marseilles,
Thessaloniki (not considered in Venice because of
low contribution to emissions of the sectors)
Analysis Legal framework non-road mobile
machinery (NRMM) directives Contribution of Port
Equipment sectors different situations in
different Ports, according to local situations
and data. Observations Enforceability through
programs to sustain EU standards
requirements Voluntary actions and Port Decisions
different situations in different Ports,
according to Local Programs, local decisions, and
the re-discussion of Port requirements with
respect to contracts, leases, agreements, etc.
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
3.x
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure Road traffic
Action 3.1 Improvement of road system (to avoid
congestion) Action 3.2 Environmental excellence
certification for trucks Action 3.3 Mode
switching - Alternative fuels (CNG, LNG,
hybrid) Action 3.4 Idle reduction
programs Cities Barcelona, Marseilles,
Thessaloniki, Venice

• Analysis
• Great impact in terms of emissions in all Ports
• Directive 2005/55/EC and 2005/78/EC on heavy-duty
  vehicles Intelligent transport systems - A
  smart move for Europe Road transport and
  interfaces with other modes adopted by the
  16/12/2008 (i) coordinate and accelerate
  deployment of ITS (ii) make road transport more
  sustainable
• Observations
• Enforceability through programs to sustain EU
  standards requirements
• Voluntary actions and the support by Public
  Policies different situations in different
  countries, according to National Legislations and
  Programs, and local decisions

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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
3.x
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure Road traffic
Action 3.1 Improvement of road system (to avoid
congestion) Action 3.2 Environmental excellence
certification for trucks Action 3.3 Mode
switching - Alternative fuels (CNG, LNG,
hybrid) Action 3.4 Idle reduction
programs Cities Barcelona, Marseilles,
Thessaloniki, Venice
Local Adaptation Plan for Marseilles Improvement
of road traffic management 5.1 Speed reduction
over the Bouches-du-Rhône area after a first
technical feasibility study Regulatory
action 5.2 To insert the air problematic into
the dynamic regulation of the road traffic for
the highway between St Maximin and Aix en
Provence Regulatory To improve the performances
of vehicles 8.0 - To set a target of 30 for the
fleet turnover (private and public fleet gt 50
vehicles) - Regulatory action

• Analysis
• Great impact in terms of emissions in all Ports
• Directive 2005/55/EC and 2005/78/EC on heavy-duty
  vehicles Intelligent transport systems - A
  smart move for Europe Road transport and
  interfaces with other modes adopted by the
  16/12/2008 (i) coordinate and accelerate
  deployment of ITS (ii) make road transport more
  sustainable
• Observations
• Enforceability through programs to sustain EU
  standards requirements
• Voluntary actions and the support by Public
  Policies different situations in different
  countries, according to National Legislations and
  Programs, and local decisions

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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
4.x
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure Rail traffic
Action 4.1 Increase rail ratio through economic
incentives Action 4.2 Improvement of rail system
(access, avoid congestion) Action 4.3 Track
electrification (Port infrastructure) Cities
Barcelona, Marseilles, Thessaloniki,
Venice Analysis White paper titled Roadmap to
a single European transport area towards a
competitive and resource efficient transport
system (COM(2011) 144 final) (among others) (i)
developing a true internal market for rail
services (ii) multimodal transport of goods
(e-freight) Observations National Policies on
rail freight, to answer to European Policy,
orient the implementation of rail infrastructures
and transport ratio, with strong impacts at local
level, where Ports and local Authorities can
operate for their part. Wide convergence of
stakeholders and economic actors on the
conversion to rail mode
50
Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
4.x
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure Rail traffic
Action 4.1 Increase rail ratio through economic
incentives Action 4.2 Improvement of rail system
(access, avoid congestion) Action 4.3 Track
electrification (Port infrastructure) Cities
Barcelona, Marseilles, Thessaloniki,
Venice Analysis White paper titled Roadmap to
a single European transport area towards a
competitive and resource efficient transport
system (COM(2011) 144 final) (among others) (i)
developing a true internal market for rail
services (ii) multimodal transport of goods
(e-freight) Observations National Policies on
rail freight, to answer to European Policy,
orient the implementation of rail infrastructures
and transport ratio, with strong impacts at local
level, where Ports and local Authorities can
operate for their part. Wide convergence of
stakeholders and economic actors on the
conversion to rail mode
Source Eurostat, 2011
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Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
4.x
Measure Rail traffic
Action 4.1 Increase rail ratio through economic
incentives Action 4.2 Improvement of rail system
(access, avoid congestion) Action 4.3 Track
electrification (Port infrastructure) Cities
Barcelona, Marseilles, Thessaloniki,
Venice Analysis White paper titled Roadmap to
a single European transport area towards a
competitive and resource efficient transport
system (COM(2011) 144 final) (among others) (i)
developing a true internal market for rail
services (ii) multimodal transport of goods
(e-freight) Observations National Policies on
rail freight, to answer to European Policy,
orient the implementation of rail infrastructures
and transport ratio, with strong impacts at local
level, where Ports and local Authorities can
operate for their part. Convergence of
stakeholders and economic actors on the
conversion to rail mode
Source Eurostat, 2011
52
Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
5.x
10. Common Transnational Strategy Measures
Measure Inventorying, Monitoring, Coordinating,
Communicating
Action 5.1 Monitoring and control (protocol or
agreement between stakeholders, etc) Action 5.2
Port Air Quality Steering/Working
Committee Action 5.3 Data Sharing Inventorying
Emissions and Monitoring concentrations as the
base for planning Action 5.4 Communication
strategy Cities All (Barcelona, Genova,
Marseilles, Thessaloniki, Venezia)
Analysis Stakeholders involved in each Port
City, and Main Actors (Port Authorities, Local
Administrations, Economic Actors)
involved Observations Stakeholders participation
is crucial (i) to find innovative solutions
between Enforceability and Implementability (ii)
for data sharing and update emissions invetories,
as to connect Policy and Science Strategic action
to support decision making process not per
Sectors (air quality management, economic
policies, urban policies, etc) but through
integration.
53
Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
11. Common Transnational Strategy Conclusions

• 5 Port-Cities share a common approach to air
  quality to investigate a robust methodology to
  link monitoring-inventorying and planning
• It is important to put in relationship the
  analysis of Port Cities emissions in an
  integrated way, from local to regional dimension
• Involvement of the stakeholders on topics which
  will have common impacts on Port-Cities, and
  which local communities alone might be not able
  to face
• Special attention to the Mediterranean Sea, as to
  implement an approach through the cooperation and
  dialogue of Port-Cities and major Economic Actors

54
Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
11. Common Transnational Strategy Conclusions

• 5 Port-Cities share a common approach to air
  quality to investigate a robust methodology to
  link monitoring-inventorying and planning
• It is important to put in relationship the
  analysis of Port Cities emissions in an
  integrated way, from local to regional dimension
• Involvement of the stakeholders on topics which
  will have common impacts on Port-Cities, and
  which local communities alone might be not able
  to face
• Special attention to the Mediterranean Sea, as to
  implement an approach through the cooperation and
  dialogue of Port-Cities and major Economic Actors
• ? Emission Contral Area of the Mediterranean

55
Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project
11. Common Transnational Strategy Conclusions

• 5 Port-Cities share a common approach to air
  quality to investigate a robust methodology to
  link monitoring-inventorying and planning
• It is important to put in relationship the
  analysis of Port Cities emissions in an
  integrated way, from local to regional dimension
• Involvement of the stakeholders on topics which
  will have common impacts on Port-Cities, and
  which local communities alone might be not able
  to face
• Special attention to the Mediterranean Sea, as to
  implement an approach through the cooperation and
  dialogue of Port-Cities and major Economic Actors
• ? Emission Contral Area of the Mediterranean

Still controvertial, need for a wide discussion
at international European and Non European level,
as to position the Mediterranean Sea in the
context of Global maritime routes. Enforceability
through IMO decision
56
Towards common steps to curb emissions the
Transnational Strategy of APICE Project Regione
Veneto - CORILA Elena Gissi, PhD, Assistant
Professor, Iuav University of Venice,
egissi_at_iuav.it 8th November 2012