The Civil War Begins

1
The Civil War Begins

• Ft. Sumter
• Anaconda Plan
• Bull Run
• Stonewall Jackson
• George B. McClellan
• Ulysses S. Grant

2
Ft. Sumter

• C.S.A began taking over federal institutions in
  the South
• Ft. Sumter, S.C.
• If Lincoln sent in troops he would start the war
• If he surrendered Ft. Sumter he would give CSA
  legitimacy
• Decided to simply send food for hungry men

3
Ft. Sumter cont.

• Jeff Davis is a G
• If he did nothing he would damage the legitimacy
  of the CSA
• If he attacked, he would start the Civil War
• April 12, 1861 CSA attacked Ft. Sumter
• Ft. surrendered
• Lincoln called up troops from the states
• April 17 Virginia seceded
• Unwilling to fight the South

4
Ft. Sumter cont.

• April 17 Virginia seceded
• Unwilling to fight the South
• Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina followed
• Western counties of Virginia were anti-slavery
• Seceded from Virginia to form West Virginia
• Became a state in 1863

5
Southern Issues

• Believed
• Cotton would influence other nations
• Britain France found cotton in Egypt and India
• Lack of resources
• Not uniform RR gauge
• Difficult to cross the South by rail
• RR was maintained by the North
• South was blockaded had to get supplies from
  other sources

6
Anaconda Plan

• Union plan of attack
• Blockade the South from the east
• Send Union riverboats down Mississippi River to
  cut South in two
• Capture Richmond (Capital of the South)
• Suggested by Gen. Winfield Scott

7
Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)

• Union named a battle after the nearest
  Topographical feature
• Rebs. named after nearest town
• Battle Tactics
• Both sides had to create an army from scratch
• North had about 40 ships
• Rebs. had no navy
• Napoleonic tactics were not always practical
• Smoothbore rifles were replaced by rifled or mini
  ball guns

8
Bull Run cont./Stonewall Jackson

• Union troops marched south of Washington to
  Manassas Junction
• July 21, 1861 Battle of Bull Run
• Seesaw battle between both sides
• As rebel troops drew back someone cried Theres
  Gen. Jackson standing like a stone wall
• Hero of Bull Run
• Master Strategist of the South
• Rebels won

9
Gen. George B. McClellan

• Rebs were in no condition to follow union troops
  back to Washington
• Served as a wakeup call for the North
• Union called for 500,000 more men
• Lincoln put McClellan in charge of Union Army
  (Army of the Potomac)
• Mostly concerned with drill
• Worried about appearance

10
U.S. Grant

• General in charge of Tennessee
• Decisive commander
• Tended to drink