COLD WAR ORIGINS

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COLD WAR ORIGINS

• Chapter 25, Section 5
• Chapter 26, Section 1

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The Big Three at Tehran,1943Stalin, FDR,
Churchill
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THE YALTA CONFERENCE

• When?
• February, 1945
• Who?
• FDR, Winston Churchill, Josef Stalin
• Where?
• Yalta, Russia (USSR)
• Issue? How will the post-war world be organized?
• Agreements
• 1. Stalin agrees to enter Pacific War against
• Japan if
• USSR is given Japanese Islands of KURIL and
  SAKHALIN
• 2. Stalin agrees to allowing free, post-war
• elections in Eastern European and other
• communist-occupied nations
• 3. All 3 agree to creation of an international
• peace-keeping organization THE U.N.
• SO WHAT?

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The Big Three at Yalta, February, 1945
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OCCUPATION OF GERMANY

• What are occupying nations?
• United States
• Soviet Union
• Great Britain
• France
• Question Why France?
• Zones of Occupation (See p. 772)
• U.S. S. Germany, Berlin Sector
• USSR E. Germany, Berlin Sector
• Brits NW. Germany, Berlin Sector
• France W. Germany, Berlin Sector
• So What?
• Germany is divided between Western Eastern
  allies
• Effects?

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• POST-WAR
• GERMANY
• ZONES OF
• OCCUPATION

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• OCCUPIED
• GERMANY,
• 1945
• (Berlin Also)
• KEY
• Or. USA
• Green U.K.
• Red USSR
• Blue France

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THE NUREMBURG TRIALS

• When?
• 1945 -1946
• Where?
• Nuremburg, Germany (US Zone)
• Who?
• Prosecution Allies
• Defendants Former Nazi leaders
• Examples Hermann Goering, Joachim Von
  Ribbentropp
• Why? Nazi aggression, widespread Nazi
  violence/atrocities
• Charges? 3 Basic Categories
• A. Crimes Against the Peace
• Planning and waging a war of aggression
• B. War Crimes
• Acts against the customs of warfare such as
  killing prisoners and hostages, plundering or
  destruction of private property, cities, towns,
  etc.
• C. Crimes Against Humanity
• Murder, extermination, deportation or enslavement
  of civilians
• Can you give examples of each type of crime?

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Nazi Defendants, Nuremberg
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OCCUPATION OF JAPAN

• What nation?
• U.S.A.
• Why only the U.S. (unlike Germany)?
• U.S. Occupation
• Run by Gen. Douglas MacArthur
• Why MacArthur?
• Why? / Purpose of Occupation?
• To reform Japanese government
• Rebuild Japanese economy
• Conduct War crimes investigations / trials
• Create Asian ally (and other allies)
• Prevent Russian expansion in Western Pacific

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War Crimes Discussion

• Question
• What, exactly, is a War Crime?
• How do you differentiate between what is a War
  Crime and what acceptable conduct in a war?
• Is it legitimate/reasonable to hold people
  accountable for crimes committed during wartime?
• Why?
• Why Not?
• Can you give examples of recent/current War
  Crimes?

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• WWII
• DEATHS BY
• BELLIGERENT
• STATUS

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