Genetics Vocabulary Review

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Genetics Vocabulary Review
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Allele

• The different forms of a gene.

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Chromosomes

• These carry genes that determine the sex of
  offspring as well as other traits it is made up
  of DNA and protein

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genes

• instructions for an inherited trait an
  organisms inherited combination of alleles these
  are located on chromosomes

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mutation

• Changes in the DNA

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DNA

• The directions or blueprints of life made up
  of subunits called nucleotides

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heredity

• the passing of traits from parents to
  offspring

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genetics

• the study of heredity

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recessive

• Kind of trait that seemed to vanish in the
  offspring produced in Mendels first experiment
  the trait that seems to reappear in the second
  generation usually indicated by a lower case
  letter

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Punnett Square

• A tool used to visualize all the possible
  combinations of alleles from parents

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dominant

• Kind of trait that always appeared in the
  offspring produced in Mendels first experiment
  that trait that appears more often.

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Genetic Engineering

• Manipulating the genes within an organism.

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heterozygous

• The combination of two different alleles for an
  inherited trait

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Selective breeding

• When breeders mate organisms with desirable
  characteristics

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homozygous

• The combination of two of the same alleles for an
  inherited trait

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phenotype

• An organisms inherited physical appearance

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probability

• that mathematical chance that an event will
  occur

Ratio 31 or percent 75 or fraction 1/4