Vocabulary Review

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Vocabulary Review

• GENETICS

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Study of how characteristics are transmitted from
parent to offspring
GENETICS
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The father of genetics
GREGOR MENDEL
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Physical feature determined by the genotype
PHENOTYPE
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Plant used by Mendel for his hereditary studies
GARDEN PEAS
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Transmission of characteristics from parent to
offspring
HEREDITY
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A genetically determined characteristic
TRAIT
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Stronger of two alleles that shows up most often
DOMINANT
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Transferring pollen grains from anthers to the
stigma of flowers
POLLINATION
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How garden peas are pollinated
SELF POLLINATION
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Female part of a flower
STIGMA
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Having identical alleles (AA or aa)
HOMOZYGOUS
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Another term for a heterozygous genotype
HYBRID
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Law stating that a pair of alleles will separate
whenever gametes are formed
LAW OF SEGREGATION
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F1 Dihybrid phenotypic ratio
9331
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A genotype having one dominant and one recessive
allele
HETEROZYGOUS
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Law stating that alleles separate independently
of each other when sperm and eggs are formed
LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
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F1 Monohybrid Genotypic ratio
121
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F1 Monohybrid Phenotypic ratio
31
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How Mendel pollinated garden peas
CROSS POLLINATION
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Male part of a flower
ANTHER/STAMEN
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The generation of true-breeding plants that
Mendel used first
P1 GENERATION
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Two forms of a gene
ALLELES
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Instructions on DNA that code for specific
proteins or traits
GENES
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The weaker of two alleles in a pair that is often
masked by the dominant allele
RECESSIVE
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Gene combination in the offspring
GENOTYPE
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Dominance that occurs whenever both alleles for a
trait are expressed
CODOMINANCE
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Type of genetics that studies the genes and
chromosomes of an organism
MOLECULAR GENETICS
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Type of letter used to represent a dominant allele
CAPITAL
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What Mendel called alleles in his experiments
with pea plants
FACTORS
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The likelihood that an event will occur like
tossing heads or tails on a coin
PROBABILITY
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Cross involving two traits
DIHYBRID
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Dominance that occurs whenever the hybrid
genotype produces a new, intermediate phenotype
INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
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Used to solve genetics problems
PUNNETT SQUARE
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Generation of all hybrids produced by crossing
two pure organisms
F1 GENERATION
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Crossing a hybrid with a pure organism is this
type of cross (11)
TESTCROSS
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Genetic cross involving a single trait
MONOHYBRID
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Type of dominance in which the dominant allele is
always expressed
COMPLETE DOMINANCE
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Generation that shows a 31 ratio of phenotypes
F2 GENERATION
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