SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION 1500-1700

1
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION1500-1700

• Influenced by the Renaissance spirit
• spirit of curiosity
• encouraged to study natural world
• questioned long-held beliefs
• developed a split between science and religion

2
Developed Scientific Method

• Logical procedure for gathering and testing data
• state the problem
• form a hypothesis
• experiment
• draw conclusions

3

• Traditional beliefs - Greeks
• Aristarchus
• Sun-centered theory
• Ptolemy
• earth-centered theory

4
Traditional beliefs

• Church view of universe from 200 AD on was
  geocentric
• earth -center of universe - sinful, heavy,
  unique, special
• Heaven is around earth,
• planets and sun - perfect
• things move _at_ earth in perfect circles

5
Copernicus 1473 -1543

• Polish astronomer
• Studied Aristarchus and thought he was right
• Wrote On the Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres,
• published in 1543 - supported HELIOCENTRIC THEORY

6
COPERNICUS

• Also said the earth rotated on its axis - was not
  stationary
• Earth revolved around the sun in perfect circles

7
Tycho Brahe 1546 - 1601

• Danish astronomer
• built observatory
• recorded what he saw

8
Johannes Kepler 1571 - 1638

• Brahes assistant
• used his records to prove Copernicus theory
• said planets revolve around the sun in ellipses
• used mathematics to prove it

9
Galileo Galilei 1564 - 1642

• Gave visual proof to Copernicus theory
• used telescope (popularized its use)
• showed not all heavenly bodies revolve around the
  earth
• moon had rough, broken surface, jagged mountains
• sun had spots

10
Galileo

• Put on trial and condemned by Church
• Forced to recant
• And yet it moves
• Also developed
• principle of the pendulum
• law of motion - objects fall at the same speed
• natural state of an object is motion

11
Ambrose Pare

• French physician
• developed ointment to apply to wounds to
  prevent infections
• developed stitches

12
Anton von Leeuwenhoek 1632 - 1723

• Dutch cloth merchant
• developed microscope

13
Andreas Vesalius

• Studied human anatomy
• wrote On the Fabric of the Human Body

14
William Harvey

• English physician
• said blood circulated through the body
• heart pumps it

15

• Farenheit
• German physicist, created the first mercury
  thermometer ,32 - freezing
• Celcius
• Swedish astronomer, created a scalee for mercury
  thermometer, 0 - freezing
• Torricelli
• developed the first mercury barometer