Chapter 30, Sections 2,3.

1
Chapter 30, Sections 2,3.

• The Industrial Revolution and
• Growth of Modern Nations

2
The Sun King- Louis XIV of France (1643-1715)
compared himself to the sun.

• Everyone in France was dependent on him. He made
  sure the army was loyal to him and expanded his
  territories in all directions. the Kings wars
  drained the coffers and when he died he left
  France in debt.

3
The Scientific Revolution- (1500s and 1600s).

• The scientific method a step-by-step approach
  emphasizing experimentation and observation, and
  a reliance on mathematics.

4
The Enlightenment- 1700s philosophers sought
natural laws for human behavior by applying
REASON.
John Locke wrote Two Treatises on Government-
described social contract. The Spirit of Laws by
Montesquieu argued for the separation of powers
5
The French Revolution

• Revolutionaries tried and executed King Louis
  XVI. France was declared a republic.

6
In 1799 army officer Napoleon Bonaparte gained
control of the government. In 1804 he proclaimed
himself emperor.
He issued Napoleonic Code, keeping many important
rights for the people. He made reforms to
strengthen the French economy.
7
The Industrial Revolution
Machines replaced hand tools new sources of
power (steam and electricity) replaced human and
animal power.
8
The Industrial Revolution began in Britains
textiles industry.
Britain had large iron and coal resources,
merchants with lots of capital, an abundant
supply of cheap labor, transportation
improvements, and colonies with raw materials and
markets for goods.
9
Thomas Edison developed the phonograph and light
bulb. Henry Ford introduced the assembly line.
Millions moved to the cities. Working conditions
were lousy.
10
Workers formed labor unions to work for change.
Unions won the right to organize and used strikes
and other tactics to win better wages, shorter
hours and improved working conditions.
11
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels outlined their
revolution in the Communist Manifesto.

• Socialism called for the public ownership of land
  and means of production. Marxs ideas have found
  followers all over the world and Russia, China,
  and Cuba saw revolutions.