Kingdom Protista: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists Chapter 15

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Kingdom Protista Algae and Heterotrophic
Protists Chapter 15
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Heterotrophic Phyla

• Oomycota- water molds.
• Myxomycota- plasmodial slime molds.
• Dictyosteliomycota- cellular slime molds.

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Oomycota- water molds

• Characteristics
• Unicellular, coenocytic and filamentous.
• Saprophytic and parasitic.
• Food reserve- glycogen.
• Eukaryotic nucleus.
• Zoospores- 1 tinsel and 1 whiplash.
• Cell wall cellulose/cellulose-like.
• Habitat- marine, freshwater, terrestrial.
• 700 species.
• Examples- Saprolegnia and Phytophthora.

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Phytophthora- sudden oak disease, Ireland potato
famine, crop destruction.
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Myxomycota- plasmodial slime molds

• Characteristics
• Streaming protoplasm.
• Saprophytic and engulf
  bacteria, yeast, fungal spores.
• Food reserve- glycogen.
• Eukaryotic nucleus.
• Gametes- 2 unequal, apical,
  whiplash.
• No cell wall.
• Habitat- terrestrial.
• 700 species.
• Example- Physarum.

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Dictyosteliomycota- cellular slime molds

• Characteristics
• Amoeba-like cells that form slugs.
• Engulf bacteria.
• Food reserve- glycogen.
• Eukaryotic nucleus.
• Flagella- none.
• Cell wall cellulose.
• Habitat- terrestrial.
• 50 species.
• Examples- Dictyostelium.

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Dictyostelium- cellular slime mold
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Dictyostelium
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Photosynthetic Phyla (the algae)

• Myzozoa- dinoflagellates.
• Euglenozoa- euglenoids.
• Cryptophyta- cryptomonads.
• Haptophyta- haptophytes.
• Chlorophyta- green algae.
• Rhodophyta- red algae.
• Heterokontophyta- heterokont algae.
• Phaeophyceae- brown algae.
• Chrysophyceae- golden-brown algae.
• Bacillariophyceae- diatoms.

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Myzozoa- dinoflagellates

• Characteristics
• Unicellular, colonal.
• Chlorophylls A and C, peridinin.
• Food reserve- starch in cytoplasm.
• Thylakoids in 3.
• Mesokaryotic nucleus.
• Flagella- 1 transverse and 1 longitudinal.
• Cell wall with cellulose in thecal plates.
• Habitat- marine and freshwater.
• 4,000 species.
• Examples- Ceratium, Peridinium, Dinophysis,
  Alexandrium, Pfiesteria.

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Pfiesteria piscicida
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Euglenozoa
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Euglenozoa- euglenoids

• Characteristics
• Unicellular.
• Chlorophylls A and B, carotenoids.
• Food reserve- paramylon in cytoplasm.
• Thylakoids 2-3.
• Mesokaryotic nucleus.
• 2 unequal flagella, long one with hairs.
• No cell wall, proteinaceous pellicle.
• Eyespot.
• Habitat- marine and freshwater puddles, ditches,
  ponds, streams, lakes, rivers.
• 1,000 species.
• Example- Euglena.