The Civil War 1861 - 1865

1
The Civil War1861 - 1865

2
Causes of the Civil War

• The tariff on imported goods from Europe helped
  the Norths economy but hurt the South .
• States Rights (nullification)

continued
1
3
Causes of the Civil War

• Slavery
• Northerners objected it philosophically (the
  idea of slavery).
• Southerners claimed slavery was an economic
  necessity. (cotton fields)
• The Election of 1860 Lincoln was elected
  without any Southern electoral votes.

1
4

• Abraham Lincoln
• 16th President
• 1861 - 1865
• Republican
• Illinois
• Assassinated

Feb. 1860
2
5
December 20, 1860 South Carolina repeals the
Constitution and declares the Union to be
dissolved.
6
Secession
The act of withdrawing (seceding) from a country.
3
7
(No Transcript)
8
The United States of AmericaThe UnionThe
NorthThe Federals
4
9
Union Flags and Uniforms
10
The Confederate States of AmericaThe
ConfederacyThe SouthThe Rebels
5
11
Confederate Flags and Uniforms
12
Fort Sumter

• Federal fortress in South Carolina.
• April 12, 1861- first shots of the Civil War
  were fired when Confederates attacked.

6
13
View of Fort Sumter from the sea
14
Interior view of Fort Sumter
15
Stacks of ammunition at Fort Sumter
16
April 12, 1861 First shots fired at Fort Sumter
17
Northern Advantages

• More railroads
• More factories
• Greater population
• More large cities

7
18
Southern Advantages

• Fighting on home soil.
• No need to invade the North.
• The best generals trained at military schools
  in the South.

8
19
Important Leaders During the Civil War
20
Jefferson Davis
President of the Confederacy
9
21
Jefferson Davis
22
General Robert E. Lee Commander in Chief of all
Confederate forces
10
23
"If the Union is dissolved and the government
disrupted, I shall return to my native State and
share the miseries of my people and save in
defense will draw my sword on none." Robert E.
Lee 1861
24
General Ben McCulloch Texas Infantry
25
General Ulysses S. Grant North
26
General Ulysses S. Grant North
27
General Ambrose Burnside North
28
General George McClellan North
29
General William T. Sherman North
30
Key Battles of the Civil War
31
Antietam
11

• A creek near Sharpsburg Maryland
• Sept 17, 1862
• Battle lasted from dawn to dusk
• 23,000 casualties
• No decisive victory for either side
• Lee escapes back into Virginia
• Lincoln relieves McClellan of his command
• War continues for 2 more years

32
Antietam
33
The Bridge over Antietam Creek
34
The Dead of Antietam
35
The Dead of Antietam
36
The Dead of Antietam
37
The Dead of Antietam
38
Lincoln McClellan at Antietam
39
Antietam National Battlefield today
40
Battle of Gettysburg

• July 1863
• 3 day battle in Pennsylvania
• 28,000 Confederate casualties
• Ended Southern hopes of winning the war

12
41
Gettysburg
42
Devils Den - Gettysburg Confederate Dead
43
Gunshot damage
Culps Hill - Gettysburg
44
Gettysburg Address

• Speech delivered by Lincoln
• Ceremony to dedicate the battlefield as a
  cemetery for the Union dead
• Lasted only 2 minutes

13
45
Lincoln at the dedication of the Gettysburg
Cemetery Nov. 1863
46
2nd draft of Lincolns Gettysburg Address
47
Gettysburg Address

• Four score and seven years ago our fathers
  brought forth on this continent a new nation,
  conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the
  proposition that all men are created equal. . . .

continued
13
48
Gettysburg Address

• . . . we here highly resolve that these dead
  shall not have died in vainthat this nation,
  under God, shall have a new birth of freedomand
  that government of the people, by the people, for
  the people, shall not perish from the earth.

13
49
Appomattox Court House

• Village in Virginia
• General Lee surrendered to General Grant
• Ends the war
• April 9, 1865

14
50
Lee Surrenders to Grant - 1867 painting
51
Farmhouse where surrender takes place
52
President Lincoln April 10, 1865 4 days before he
was assassinated
53
April 14, 1865 Lincoln shot at the Ford Theater
54
Flag flown at half staff over the Capitol
55
Lincolns funeral procession down Pennsylvania
Ave. in Washington D.C.
56
Lincolns funeral procession through Columbus,
Ohio on the way home to Illinois
57
Lincolns funeral procession
58
Lincolns body lies in state for viewing by
mourners
59
Five tragic years on the face of the President.
60
Thats all folks.