European Exploration and Colonization

1
European Exploration and Colonization
2
What European country explored and settled the
Caribbean, Central America, and South America?
3
Spain
4
For what two reasons did Englishmen settle in
North America?
5
1. Religious Freedom 2. Economic Opportunity
6
What religious group settled New England?
7
The Puritans
8
What was another name for the Church of England?
9
The Anglican Church
10
What was the major reason for the settlement of
New England?
11
Religious Freedom
12
Who settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620?
13
The Separatists, who werecommonly called the
Pilgrims.
14
What agreement signed by the male settlers at
Plymouth helped establish the notion of
self-government in the Americas?
15
The Mayflower Compact
16
Who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
17
The Puritans
18
How did the Puritans get their name?
19
The Puritans wanted to purify or reform the
Anglican Church.
20
What was the basic unit of the Massachusetts
Bay Colony?
21
The Church Congregation(Each congregation
established a Town.)
22
Where did the Puritans practice a form of direct
democracy?
23
At Town Meetings
24
Which colony did the Pilgrims settle?
25
Plymouth
26
What three European groups chiefly settled the
Middle Atlantic region?
27
1. English2. Dutch3. Germans
28
What was the major reason for the settlement of
Virginia and the other Southern colonies?
29
Economic Opportunity
30
Who founded the Virginia colony as a business
venture?
31
The Virginia Company of London
32
Who were the English nobility who received large
land grants in Virginia from the King of England
and helped settle the colony?
33
Cavaliers
34
Define indentured servant?
35
A person who agreed to work a certain number of
years in exchange for payment of his passage to
America.
36
What was the first permanent English settlement
in North America?
37
Jamestown
38
What became the cash crop of the Virginia colony?
39
Tobacco
40
What was the first elected assembly (lawmaking
body) in the New World?
41
The House of Burgesses
42
With what colony does one associate the Cavaliers?
43
Virginia
44
Where did many poor English immigrants settle in
the Virginia colony?
45

• In the Shenandoah Valley or
• western Virginia

46
What regions for the Western Hemisphere did the
Spanish explore and settle?
47

• The Caribbean
• Central America
• South America

48
How did English colonization affect the American
Indians?
49
What region of the western Hemisphere did the
French explore?
50

• Canada

51
Who had better relations with the First
Americans, the British or the French?
52

• The French

53
1. Lost territory2. Died from European diseases,
especially smallpox
54
What group did Europeans force to come to the
Americas?
55
Africans
56
Name four characteristics of the economy of the
New England colonies?
57
1. Shipbuilding2. Fishing3. Lumbering4.
Subsistence Farming
58
Name three characteristics of the economy of the
Middle Colonies?
59
1. Shipbuilding2. Small farms3. Trading
60
What was the economic basis of the Southern
colonies?
61
Cash crops raised on large Plantations
62
What formed the basis of the economy of the
Southern colonies in the mountains and valleys of
the Appalachian foothills?
63

• Subsistence farming
• Hunting
• Trading

64
What were the three cash crops of the Southern
colonies?
65
1. Tobacco2. Rice 3. Indigo
66
What were the two cash crops in South Carolina?
67
1. Rice2. Indigo
68
Which English colonies believed in private
property and free enterprise (profit)?
69
ALL
70
What trade pattern brought Africans to the
English colonies?
71
The Triangular Trade
72
What was the name of the forced voyage of African
slaves from their homes to the New World?
73
The Middle Passage
74
According to the SOL, what were the 3 points in
the Triangular Trade?
75
1. The New England Colonies2. The West Indies3.
Africa
76
To what major conflict did the Southern colonies
slavery-based agricultural economy eventually
lead?
77
The Civil War
78
What does religious tolerance mean?
79
Freedom of Religion
80
What religious group settled Pennsylvania?
81
Quakers
82
What religious group settled Maryland?
83
Roman Catholics
84
What two groups of colonists generally believed
in religious tolerance?
85
1. Quakers2. Roman Catholics
86
What are the eastern lowlands of the Atlantic
Coastal Plain called?
87
Tidewater
88
What was the background of the small farmers,
hunters, and traders in the mountains and valleys
of the inland South?
89

• Scotch-Irish
• English

90
What religious movement swept the American
colonies in the mid-1700s?
91
The Great Awakening
92
Name two important leaders of the Great Awakening?
93
1. George Whitefield2. Jonathan Edwards
94
What two denominations grew rapidly as a result
of the Great Awakening?
95
1. Baptists2. Methodists
96
What religious movement of the mid-18th century
preached fire and brimstone sermons to
encourage spiritual rebirth?
97
The Great Awakening
98
What did the Great Awakening challenge?
99

• The religious order of the colonies
• The governmental order of the colonies