European%20Exploration%20and%20Colonization

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European Exploration and Colonization

• European Empires

Theme of Social Studies Movement/Migration
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European Exploration

• SS6H6 The student will analyze the impact of
  European exploration and colonization on various
  world regions.
• b. Trace the empires of Portugal, Spain, England,
  and France in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

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European Exploration

• SS6H6 The student will analyze the impact of
  European exploration and colonization on various
  world regions.
• b. Trace (map out) the empires (territories) of
  Portugal, Spain, England, and France in Asia,
  Africa, and the Americas.

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EQWrite this down on the back of your TMAP You
will answer at the end.

• What were Europes colonies in Asia, Africa,
  Australia, and the Americas?
• Hint There were four main ones.

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Assessment Prompts

• 1. What European countries had colonies on other
  continents?
• 2. What is a colony?
• 3. Where were these colonies located?

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Empire Building

• After the 14th century, Europes most powerful
  countries competed to see who could get the most
  colonies (colony).
• They wanted to build their Empire by taking over
  other parts of the world (Imperialism).

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The Crusades (1096-1272)
Write this down!!!!!

• Military expeditions sent by the Popes of the
  Roman Catholic Church to capture the Holy Land
  from the Muslim Turks
• Not successful, but had a few positive results
• Western Europeans learned to
• better maps
• build better ships
• Exposed Europeans to spices goods from the East

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Think-Pair-Share

• Think Think about the 3 positive results from
  the Crusades
• Pair With a partner, tell each other the three
  positive results
• Share With the group, share what weve just
  discussed.
• 30 seconds.123 Go!

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Trade Routes

• 1400smajor trade routes from the East to Europe
  went through 2 Italian cities (Venice Genoa)
• -Italian merchants marked up the prices on the
  jewels, fragrances, woods and finished goods
  sold them throughout Europe.
• Portugal, Spain, France, and England resented the
  huge profits made by Italians. Since they
  controlled the trade routes through Mediterranean
  Sea they began to look for other routes to the
  India, China and Spice Islands.

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Scramble for Africa

• Led to the
• colonization of
• most of the
• continent.

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Spain and Portugal Treaty of Tordesillas

• Portugal and Spain claimed territories in the New
  World before any other European powers.
• Since both nations were Catholic, the Pope drew a
  line on the map showing which territories would
  belong to Portugal and which ones belonged to
  Spain

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Spain and Portugal Treaty of Tordesillas
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Think-Pair-Share

• Think Think about the Treaty of Tordesillas
• Pair With a partner, ask who came up with the
  Treaty
• Share With the group, share what weve just
  discussed.
• 30 seconds.123 Go!

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1st Box Portugals Empire

• Time Period/Routes 15th century led the world
  in sea exploration and explored the western coast
  of Africa
• Motivation find a trade route around Africa to
  Asia
• Believed they could make a lot of money as
  traders if they could get Asian goods for a
  cheaper price
• Also wanted to spread Christianity along Africas
  west coast

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Important People Prince Henry the Navigator

• Son of the Portuguese king
• 1st to start the colonial empires.
• created a naval observatory that taught students
  navigation, astronomy, cartography
• Sent more than 50 expeditions down the west coast
  of Africa and a route to India and China but
  never visited them.
• -Wanted to establish Portuguese colonies break
  the Muslim hold on trade routes

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Prince Henry the Navigator
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Institute of Sagres
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Prince Henry the Navigator

• Unable to make money trading gold, so he tried
  creating sugar cane plantations
• --Sugar cane was a very profitable crop, but
  required lots of labor
• Henry imported slaves from Africa to work the
  fields
• --This was successful was later copied in the
  New World
• --Encouraged a slave trade that lasted another
  400 years

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Think-Pair-Share

• Think Think about the contributions of Prince
  Henry the Navigator
• Pair With a partner, where did Prince Henry
  ships sail from?
• Share With the group, share what weve just
  discussed about Prince Henry.
• 30 seconds.123 Go!

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Portugals Empire

• Explorers Bartolomeu Dias (one of Prince Henry
  Sailors) reached the southern tip of Africa
  called The Cape of Good Hope and The Indian
  Ocean.
• Explorers Vasco da Gama, another explorer, later
  sailed around the cape and continued to India.

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Portugals Empire

• For decades, Portuguese sailors continued to
  explore East Asia where they established forts
  trading posts
• By 1571, a string of outposts connected Portugal
  to Africa, India, South Pacific Islands, Japan
• Portugal grew wealthy from these trade routes,
  but
• Its most profitable colony was Brazil in South
  America. Brazil was a Portuguese Colony until
  1822.

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Territories Portugal

• The Portuguese Empire included the area known
  today as Brazil and much of the West Coast of
  Africa.

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Think-Pair-Share

• Think Think about the colonies/territories of
  Portugal
• Pair With a partner list the colonies of
  Portugal
• Share With the group, share what weve just
  discussed about Portugal
• 30 seconds.123 Go!

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• According to legend, beyond this point in an area
  known as the "Green Sea of Darkness," the sun was
  so close to the Earth that a persons skin would
  burn black, the sea boiled, ships caught on fire,
  and monsters hid waiting to smash the ships and
  eat the sailors. It took fourteen voyages over a
  period of 12 years until a ship finally reached
  the equator.

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Spains Empire

• Time Period/Routes 15th Century Spanish
  explorers were searching for a trade route
  through or around North South America to Asia
• Motivation
• Wanted to find a
• quicker route to
• the gold spices
• in Asia.

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Spain

• Spain controlled most of the New World (North
  America and South America), and parts of Europe,
  Africa, and the Philippines in Asia

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Important People/Explorers Christopher Columbus

• 1490sC.C., an Italian, was given ships sailors
  by the Spanish monarchy
• --They wanted him to try to find a quick route
  through the Atlantic Ocean to Asia
• He discovered the Bahamas, but thought he was in
  Asia East Indies
• --Later, it was realized that he discovered 2
  new continents (North and South America)
• Exploration of these areas brought great wealth
  to Spain

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Territories Spains Empire

• Huge empire that spanned the globe
• Spanish conquistadors conquered the Inca and
  Aztec civilizations in the 1500s (South America)
• More Motivation
• --Looking for gold spices
• --Used missionaries to convert natives to
  Christianity
• Claimed huge areas of North South America
  ruled over them for 300 years

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Think-Pair-Share

• Think Think about the colonies/territories of
  Spain
• Pair With a partner list the colonies of Spain
• Share With the group, share 3 important points
  about Christopher Columbus
• 30 seconds.123 Go!

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(Britain) Englands Empire

• England used to be one of three countries
  (England, Scotland, Wales) shared an island.
• Time Period 1700s, the three united and became
  Great Britain
• British empire was the largest in history
• --At its peak, Great Britain controlled Canada,
  Australia, India, much of Africa, and numerous
  islands

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Britain (England)

• By the 18th century, the British Empire was the
  most powerful in Europe
• Territories had colonies in in North America,
  Africa, the Caribbean, India, and Australia

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(Britain) Englands Empire

• North America came under British control in the
  1700s
• --Lost American colonies in 1776 and U.S became
  an independent country.
• --Maintained control over Canada until 20th
  century
• Great Britain colonized Australia in 1788
• Motivation--Used it as a penal (prison) colony to
  relieve overcrowded jails in England

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Think-Pair-Share

• Think Think about the colonies/territories of
  Britain
• Pair With a partner list the colonies of Britain
• Share With the group, discuss why Britain was
  the most powerful during the 18th century.
• 30 seconds.123 Go!

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Frances Empire

• Time Period French possessed colonies around the
  world from 1600 to 1900
• Motivation Imperialism. Also dominated much of
  the European continent
• --By 1812, France controlled much of Germany,
  Italy, France

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Frances Empire

• Time Period Established other colonies in the
  16th-17th centuries
• --Islands in the Caribbean, the Indian Ocean, the
  South Pacific, the North Pacific, the North
  Atlantic
• France also maintained influence in Canada, South
  America, Southeast Asia, Northwest Africa

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Territories France

• The French Empire consisted of colonies in North
  America, Asia, and the West Indies
• The French lost many of these to Britain, but it
  still controlled part of Asia, North America and
  eventually parts of West Africa

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Think-Pair-Share

• Think Think about the colonies/territories of
  France
• Pair With a partner list the colonies of France
• Share With the group, discuss what motivated
  France to colonize other areas.
• 30 seconds.123 Go!

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Impact Imperialism Injustice

• Impact 1 European nations showed little respect
  for the indigenous (native) peoples they
  colonized.
• Impact 2 Using military force and slave labor,
  they exploited (oppressed) conquered territories
  while they increased their wealth and power.

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Think-Pair-Share

• Think Think about imperialism
• Pair With a partner discuss the two impacts of
  imperialism
• Share With the group, discuss how may
  imperialism a bad or good thing.
• 30 seconds.123 Go!

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Jigsaw Instructions

• On your own separate sheet of paper.
• Everyone will write each question and answer in
  complete sentences. Watch spelling and
  punctuation!!
• Return back to base camp and share your answers
  with your Base Camp partners.
• 20 Minutes to complete
• Whatever is not completed in class, it is for
  homework!

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Jigsaw Base Camp

• Gold Group
• What natural resources were Europeans looking
  for?
• Where did Europeans have to go to get silk and
  spices?
• Why did Europeans want a Sea Route to Asia?
• Why was trading through the Mediterranean so
  expensive?
• God / Glory Group
• What did Europeans believe they had to spread?
• Why did European countries want colonies?
• Why did European colonies want new markets?
• What is imperialism?
• Prince Henry the Navigator
• What country was he the ruler of?
• What was he the first to do?
• What did he open? Where/When did he open it?