NT 500 Greek I Session 16

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NT 500Greek I- Session 16

• Using the texts of Dr. Bill Mounce

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Future Tense Verbs

• There are other ways to form the future
• Some present and future tense stems are different
• Exact memorization of verbal roots and present
  tense stems is essential if you want to use and
  enjoy Greek

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Definitions

• root most basic form.
• All verbs are listed in the vocabulary section
  with their verbal root.
• This root is prefaced with a
• The root of ajgapavw is ajgapa
• The root of bavllw is bal

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Stem

• The stem of a verb is the basic form of that verb
  in a particular tense

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Relationship of the verbal root and the present
tense stem

• The verbal root and the present tense stem CAN be
  the same
• The root of ajgapavw is ajgapa
• The root can be altered when forming the present
  tense stem.
• The root of bavllw is bal

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Tense stem formed from verbal root

• Different tense stems are formed from the verbal
  root and not the present tense stem

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Tense stem formed from verbal root

• bal is modified to form its present tense stem
  by doubling the lambda.
• When you look at the future, you see that there
  is only one lambda. (BTW, bal does NOT take a s
  as a tense formative
• When you learn the aorist tense, you will see
  again that the is only one lambda in ebalon

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Present tense Stem

• The Present Tense Stem is the most irregular
  tense stem of all
• The verbal root is often altered to make the
  Present Tense Stem

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Patterns of variation

• Root not modified
• Root modified regularly
• Different roots

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Root not modified

• These include
• Roots ending in an iota or upsilon
• Contract verbs
• Roots ending in a stop
• Liquid verbs

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root ajgapa

• ajgapavw present active
• ajgaphvsw future active
• hjgavphsa aorist active
• hjgavphka perfect active
• hjgavphmai perfect m/p
• hjgaphvqhn aorist passive

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Different forms of future

• Roots ending in a stop
• izw/azw verbs- roots ending in a dental
• baptivzw gt baptid
• assw verbs- roots ending in a velar
• taravssw gt tarax

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Different forms of future

• Double consonants
• Often from roots with a single consonant
  (excluding essw verbs)
• bavllw gt bal
• Letters added
• iota
• airw gt ar i
• (isk)
• ajpoqnhv/skw gt ajpoqan
• ginqvskw gt gnw

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Different forms of future

• Different roots
• Some verbs have totally different roots in the
  future
• ejrc gt ercomai I come
• ejleuq gt ejlevsomai I will come
• leg gt levgw I say
• ejr gt ejrw I will say
• oJra gt oJravw I see
• ojp gt oyomai I will see

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Review 172- 20.12

• Label types of verbs
• Regular
• Contract
• Deponent
• Root Change
• Complete Word Change

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Liquid Futures

• l, m, n, and r

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Future Active Indicative (liquid)

• Future Active tense stem
• tense formative (es) Connecting Vowel Primary
  Active Personal Endings
• men es o men menoumen

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Future Active Indicative (liquid)

• menw
• meneiV
• menei
• menoumen
• meneite
• menousi(n)

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Future Middle Indicative (liquid)

• Future Active tense stem
• tense formative (es) Connecting Vowel Primary
  Passive Personal Endings
• men es o meqa menouvmeqa

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Future Middle Indicative (liquid)

• menoumai
• menh/
• meneitai
• menouvmeqa
• meneisqe
• menountai

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Future liquid

• The identifying mark of a
• Future Liquid is the circumflex over the
  contracted vowels except in
• 1st Plural

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Compound Verbs

• A compound verb is a verb that is made up of two
  parts, a preposition and a verb.
• They form their tense stems the same way as the
  simple verb

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Assignment

• Enjoy you Christmas break and your family
• Register for Greek II
• Look over your new vocabulary sheet
• Meet back together on January 5, 2006