The Human Skeletal System

1
The Human Skeletal System

• Essential Unit Questions
• TEKS
• Individual Activities
• Group Activities
• Did You Know?
• What are Bones Made of?
• Most Common Bones
• Protect Your Bones!
• Broken Bones
• Sources

by Tara Cargile
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Essential Question - What significant role does
the skeleton play in the human body? Unit
Questions - How many bones are there in the
human body? - What do bones do? - What would
happen if we didnt have bones? - Who looks
at bones and what do they use? - What can we
do to help our bones grow healthy and strong?
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TEKS Grade 3
(2) Scientific Processes. The student uses
scientific inquiry methods during field and
laboratory investigations. The student is
expected to (A) plan and implement descriptive
investigations including asking well-
defined questions, formulating hypotheses, and
selecting and using equipment and
technology (B) collect information by observing
and measuring (C) analyze and interpret
information to construct reasonable explanations
from direct and indirect evidence (D)
communicate valid conclusions (5) Science
Concepts. The student knows that systems exist in
this world. The student is expected to (A)
observe and identify simple systems such as a
sprouted seed and a wooden toy car
and (B) observe a simple system and describe the
role of various parts such as a yo-yo and
string. (5) Information acquisition. The student
acquires electronic information in a variety of
formats, with appropriate supervision. The
student is expected to (A) acquire information
including text, audio, video, and graphics
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Individual Activities

• Students will identify bones, muscles and joints.
  They will explore the relations between these
  three through audio games and discussions.
• Students will participate in an activity where
  they will create a skeleton in either a pull-out
  book or a large skeleton model.
• Students will learn the names and locations of
  major bones by playing a game on the computer.

5
Group Activities

• The students will visit the eSkeletonsProject
  created by the University of Texas at Austin and
  compare and contrast the skeletons of two animal
  groups.
• Invite a doctor or orthopedic specialist to visit
  the classroom.

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Did you know?

• Bones are alive, growing and changing like the
  rest of your body!
• A babys body has about 300 bones at birth
• The adult human body has only 206 bones!

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What Are Bones Made Of?

• Periosteum the outer surface of the bone a
  thin, dense membrane that contains nerves and
  blood vessels that nourish the bone!
• Compact this is the next layer it is very
  smooth and very hard. It is the part you see when
  you look at a skeleton!
• Cancellous Many layers within the compact bone
  these look like sponges! Not as hard as compact
  bone, but it is still very hard.
• In many bones, the cancellous bone protects the
  innermost part of the bone, the bone marrow. It
  is sort of like a thick jelly, and its job is to
  make blood cells.
•  

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What are some of the most recognized bones? 

• Skull
• Ball socket joint (shoulder)
• Fixed joint (parietotemporal)
• Vertebra
• Sternum
• Rib
• Humerous
• Radius
• Ulna
• Pelvis
• Femur
• Hinge joint (knee)
• Fibula
• Tibia

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Be Kind to Your Bones and They Will Treat You
Right!

•  Protect those skull bones (and your brain
  inside!) by wearing a helmet for bike riding and
  other sports.
•  When you use a skateboard, in-line skates, or a
  scooter, be sure to add wrist supports and elbow
  and knee pads. Your bones in these places will
  thank you if you have a fall!
• If you play sports like football, soccer,
  lacrosse, or ice hockey, always wear all the
  right equipment.
• Strengthen your skeleton by drinking milk and
  eating other dairy products (like low-fat cheese
  or frozen yogurt). They all contain calcium,
  which helps bones harden and become strong.
• Be active! Another way to strengthen your bones
  is through exercise like running, jumping,
  dancing, and playing sports.
•  

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What About Broken Bones?

• When a bone breaks, it is called a fracture.
• If you think you or someone else has broken a
  bone, the most important things to do are
• Stay calm
• Make sure the person who is hurt is as
  comfortable as possible
• Tell an adult
• If there are no adults around, call 911
• Dont move the bone this can make the injury
  worse!

• To treat the broken bone, the doctor will take an
  x-ray (a map of the bone), then usually they will
  put on a cast, a special bandage that will keep
  the bone in place for a few months until the bone
  heals.

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• Sources
• http//www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/anatomy
  /skeleton/Skelprintout.shtml
• http//yucky.discovery.com/noflash/body/pg000124.h
  tml
• http//www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/HumanBody/Bo
  dyBones.htm
• http//www.eskeletons.org/
• http//www.macomb.k12.mi.us/EASTDET/Plans/EL-sci-p
  hyed.htm
• http//www.lessonplanspage.com/SciencePEDemBonesNa
  mingGameLesson45.htm