Introduction: Human Anatomy

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Introduction Human Anatomy Physiology

• Homeostasis
• Levels of organization
• Organization of the body
• Anatomical terms

De Humani Corporis Fabrica
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What is A P?

• Physiology knowledge of nature
• Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)
• study of the normal functioning of a living
  organism its component parts
• Anatomy study of structure

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Levels of Organization the Related Fields of
Study
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Integration between systems of the body
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Homeostasis the ability to maintain a relatively
constant internal environment
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Homeostatic Response Loop
(setpoint)
Local or systemic
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Feedback Loops Modulate the Response Loop
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Positive Feedback Loop send variable being
regulated further from its normal value
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Homeostatic Mechanisms of Body Temperature
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Concept Check

• Name in order the sequence of events that occur
  to form a response loop for homeostasis.
• When we begin to get dehydrated, we usually get
  thirsty, which causes us to drink fluids. Is
  thirst part of a negative or positive feedback
  control system?

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Organization of the Human Body

• Axial vs.
  Appendicular
• cranial cavity upper lower limbs
• spinal cavity
• thoracic cavity plural pericardial
• abdominopelvic cavity
• Thoracic Abdominopelvic Membranes
• - Serosa or Serous membranes serous fluid
• plural membrane
• pericardial membrane
• peritoneal membrane

Dorsal body cavity
Ventral body cavity
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Body Cavities Lateral view
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Body Cavities Anterior View
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Serous Membranes of the Thorax
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Peritoneal Membranes of the Abdominopelvic Cavity
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Anatomical Terminology

• Relative Positions
• superior inferior anterior (ventral) posterior
  (dorsal)
• medial lateral ipsilateral contralateral
• proximal distal superficial peripheral
• deep
• Body Sections
• sagittal transverse (horizontal) coronal
  (frontal)
• cross section oblique section
  longitudinal section

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Body Sections
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Cross Section Oblique Section
Longitudinal Section
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Terms used to describe anterior body regions
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Terms used to describe posterior body regions
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Organ Systems Body Covering
- skin, hair, nails sweat glands sebaceous
glands
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Support Movement
- bones, ligaments cartilage
- skeletal - cardiac - smooth
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Integration Coordination
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Transport
- heart, arteries, capillaries veins
- lymph vessels nodes, thymus spleen
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Absorption Excretion
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Reproduction