Human

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Human Body Systems
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Skeletal System
A framework that supports and protects body parts.

• The skeletal system is made up of
• Bone
• Cartilage
• Joints
• Ligaments

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Bone contains a soft tissue called marrow. Red
marrow produces red blood cells. Yellow
marrow produces fat cells.
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Cartilage is soft flexible tissue. Ex. nose
ears Cartilage also cushions areas where
bones meet A joint is where two or more bones
connect
Ligaments are strong elastic bands of connective
tissue that keep joints together.
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Functions of Bone

1. Protection - shields organs from damage
2. Support - allows the body to grow tall
3. Storage - stores minerals and fat inside the
   bone
4. Movement - muscle movement allows bones to move
5. Blood Cell Formation - red blood cells can be
   produced

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skull
jawbone
collarbone
shoulder blade
rib
backbone
lower arm bone
hipbone
tailbone
thighbone
kneecap
shinbone
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Muscular System
Allows for movement of body parts.

• Made up of muscles and the connective tissue
  that connects them to bones.
• Three types of muscle tissue

• Smooth Muscle
• Cardiac Muscle
• Skeletal Muscle

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Smooth Muscle

• Helps with the movement of food and blood.
• Found in digestive tract and blood vessels.

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Cardiac Muscle

• Causes the heart to beat.
• Found only in your heart.

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Skeletal Muscle

• Attaches to bone for movement.
• Help protect inner organs.
• Found attached to all bones.

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Voluntary vs. Involuntary
Muscle action can be voluntary or involuntary.

• Involuntary movement
• Movement that is NOT under your control.
• Example heart beat, breathing
• Cardiac muscle
• Smooth muscle
• Skeletal muscle

• Voluntary movement
• Movement that is under your control.
• Example talking
• Skeletal muscle

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Tendons

• Strands of tough connective tissue
• Connect your skeletal muscles to your bones.

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Working in Pairs

• Skeletal muscles work in pairs to cause movement.

Flexor - a muscle that bends part of your body.
Ex. biceps Extensor - a muscle that
straightens part of your body. Ex. triceps
When the biceps muscle contracts, the triceps
muscle relaxes and the elbow bends. When the
triceps muscle contracts, the biceps muscle
relaxes and the elbow straightens.
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cardiac
smooth
skeletal
Makes heart beat
Move food
Move bones
Muscle group
tendon
Muscle fiber
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Circulatory Respiratory Skeletal Digestive Urinary
(excretory) Endocrine Muscular Nervous