Fredericksburg December 1862

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Chapter 17.3
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Fredericksburg December 1862

• President Lincoln replaces McClellan with Ambrose
  Burnside as Commander of the U.S. Army
• Burnside orders the army to attack the entrenched
  Confederate lines
• Burnside loses to Lee at the Battle of
  Fredericksburg.
• Union army suffered 12,600 casualties
• Lee thrashes another Union advance on Richmond
• It is well that was is so terrible - we should
  grow too fond of it

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The Battle of Fredericksburg
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The Battle of Fredericksburg
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Mary Heights Fredericksburg
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Mary Heights Fredericksburg
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Chancellorsville May, 1863

• Lincoln replaces Burnside with General Fighting
  Joseph Hooker
• Hooker went to work rebuilding his army finest
  army on the planet
• Jackson makes a bold move and strikes the Unions
  right flank
• The Yankees are driven back in great confusion
• Lee 60,000 troops defeat twice as many Union
  troops
• Lee suffered 10,000 casualties including one of
  his best generals, Stonewall Jackson.
• Jacksons men mistake him for the enemy and shot
  him.
• After undergoing surgery to amputate his arm,
  Jackson caught pneumonia. On May 10, he died.

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The Death of Stonewall Jackson
Stonewall Jacksons Arm
Stonewall Jackson Died
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Lee invades the North

• People in the north blame Lincoln for the poor
  showing by the Army
• General Lee decides to invade the North again
• A confederate victory in the North might
• Fuel Northern discontent for the war
• Gain European diplomatic recognition European
  aid

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Battle of Gettysburg July 1-3 1863

• Lincoln replaces Joseph Hooker with General
  George Meade
• In late June 1863 Lee crosses into southern P.A.
• Union Confederate forces fight for 3 long days
  at Gettysburg
• This is the bloodiest battle of the war. The
  North loses 23,000 men and the South lose 28,000
  1/3 of Lees army
• The high water mark of the Confederacy is on July
  3 1863.
• Lee ordered Gen. George Pickett to lead 15,000
  men into the center of the Union line on Cemetery
  Ridge
• The Confederates get to the top of the Hill, but
  thousands have died, and the charge failed.
• Gen. Lee retreated, but Gen. Meade fails to purse
  and finish the job
• Lees hopes for a Confederate victory in the
  North are crushed
• This is the turning point of the War. Britain
  France do not help the south

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Day 1
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Day 2
Dan Sickles
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Day 2
Little Round Top
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Day 2 1st Minn.
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(No Transcript)
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Day 3
Picketts Charge
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Marshall Sherman the 28th Virginia Flag
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Lincoln Speaks at Gettysburg

• U.S. sets aside 17 acres as a soldier cemetery
• Lincoln gives the Gettysburg address
• On Nov. 19,1863 dedication of cemetery 3,500
  soldiers buried.
• Edward Everett former Governor of Mass. Spoke for
  2 hours
• Lincoln speaks for only 2 minutes
• Lincoln calls his speech a flat failure

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The Siege of Vicksburg

• The only sections of the Mississippi the north
  did not control was a strip 250 miles between
  Vicksburg Port Hudson.
• Grant had attacked Vicksburg by a frontal assault
  in late May 1863, but it failed.
• Grant settled in for a long siege, He bombs the
  city for 6 weeks.
• July 4th 1863 confederate forces surrender.
• Union forces now control all of the Mississippi.
• One part of the Northern strategy was completed
• With Grant, Lincoln found a man that could fight

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Siege of Vicksburg
Fourth Minnesota Regiment Entering Vicksburg
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Grant made Commander of all union Forces

• Lincoln was impressed with Grants success in the
  west
• March 9,1864 Grant was made commander of all
  Union armies
• Grant believed the way to win was by relentlessly
  pounding the enemy
• Grant pursue Lee while Sherman pushed through the
  Deep South to Atlanta the Atlantic coast.

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Shermans Total War

• May 1864, Sherman leaves Chattanooga with
  100,000 soldiers.
• In Sept., he captures Atlanta, Takes 60,000
  Troops to Savannah
• Shermans men cut a path of destruction 60 miles
  wide and 300 miles long through the south
• Union troops tear up rail lines Burned houses,
  barns towns crops to deprive southern forces
• Dec 1864 Sherman captures Savannah

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Shermans Total War
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Shermans success help Lincoln win re-election

• Northerners were tired of war
• Democrats nominated George McClellan he stood a
  good chance to defeat Republican Lincoln on an
  anti-war platform.
• Shermans success in Atlanta changed all of that.
• Lincoln wins 55 of the populate vote and wins
  re-election
• Lincoln second inaugural address ins one of the
  finis in History and lays out his plan for
  reconstruction.

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The True issue or Thats What's The Matter
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Union and Liberty! Union and Slavery!
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Grants Virginia Campaign

• Grants army fights a series of battles in
  Virginia
• Despite high casualties, Grants army never
  retreats always advancing
• Grants army lays siege on Richmond, (Petersburg)
  Virginia for 10 months
• General Lees troops evacuate Richmond

Siege of Petersburg
Wilderness
Cold Harbor
Spotsylvania
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Surrender at Appomattox

• General Lee sends a message to Grant, he is ready
  to surrender.
• Surrender arrangements made at Appomattox Court
  House ( April 9th, 1865)
• Grant offers generous terms
• Confederates can return home in peace
• Grant would not take lees swords
• Grant let Lees officers keep swords, pistols
  Horses
• After four long years the Civil War comes to a
  close

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Wilmer Mclean

• War starts in his back yard.
• (first battle of Bull Run canon ball falls down
  his chimney)
• He leaves for a more peaceful please Appomattox
• Lee Grant meet in his parlor to arrange the
  surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia
• Thus the was starts in his back yard ends in
  his parlor!!!!!!!!!!

McLean House, where Lee surrendered
Room in which surrender was signed