European Exploration and Colonization

1
European Exploration and Colonization
2
What European country explored and settled the
Caribbean, Central America, and South America?

• Spain

3
For what two reasons did Englishmen settle in
North America?

• Religious Freedom
• Economic Opportunity

4
What religious group settled New England?

• The Puritans

5
What was another name for the Church of England?

• The Anglican Church

6
What was the major reason for the settlement of
New England?

• Religious Freedom

7
Who settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620?

• The Separatists
• commonly called the Pilgrims

8
What agreement signed by the male settlers at
Plymouth helped establish the notion of
self-government in the Americas?

• The Mayflower Compact

9
Who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

• The Puritans

10
How did the Puritans get their name?

• The Puritans wanted to purify or reform the
  Anglican Church.

11
What was the basic unit of the Massachusetts
Bay Colony?

• The Church Congregation
• Each congregation established a Town

12
Where did the Puritans practice a form of direct
democracy?

• At Town Meetings

13
Which colony did the Pilgrims settle?

• Plymouth

14
What three European groups chiefly settled the
Middle Atlantic region?

• English
• Dutch
• Germans

15
What was the major reason for the settlement of
Virginia and the other Southern colonies?

• Economic Opportunity

16
Who founded the Virginia colony as a business
venture?

• The Virginia Company of London

17
Who were the English nobility who received large
land grants in Virginia from the King of England
and helped settle the colony?

• Cavaliers

18
Define indentured servant?

• A person who agreed to work a certain number of
  years in exchange for payment of his passage to
  America.

19
What was the first permanent English settlement
in North America?

• Jamestown

20
What became the cash crop of the Virginia colony?

• Tobacco

21
What was the first elected assembly (lawmaking
body) in the New World?

• The House of Burgesses

22
With what colony does one associate the Cavaliers?

• Virginia

23
Where did many poor English immigrants settle in
the Virginia colony?

• In the Shenandoah Valley or western Virginia

24
What regions of the Western Hemisphere did the
Spanish explore and settle?

• The Caribbean
• Central America
• South America

25
What region of the Western Hemisphere did the
French explore?

• Canada

26
Who had better relations with the First
Americans, the British or the French?

• The French

27
How did English colonization affect the American
Indians?

• Lost territory
• Died from European diseases, especially smallpox

28
What group did Europeans force to come to the
Americas?

• Africans

29
Name four characteristics of the economy of the
New England colonies?

• Shipbuilding
• Fishing
• Lumbering
• Subsistence Farming

30
Name three characteristics of the economy of the
Middle Colonies?

• Shipbuilding
• Small farms
• Trading

31
What was the economic basis of the Southern
colonies?

• Cash crops raised on large Plantations

32
What formed the basis of the economy of the
Southern colonies in the mountains and valleys of
the Appalachian foothills?

• Subsistence farming
• Hunting
• Trading

33
What were the three cash crops of the Southern
colonies?

• Tobacco
• Rice
• Indigo

34
What were the two cash crops in South Carolina?

• Rice
• Indigo

35
Which English colonies believed in private
property and free enterprise (profit)?

• ALL

36
What trade pattern brought Africans to the
English colonies?

• The Triangular Trade

37
What was the name of the forced voyage of African
slaves from their homes to the New World?

• The Middle Passage

38
According to the SOL, what were the 3 points in
the Triangular Trade?

• The New England Colonies
• The West Indies
• Africa

39
To what major conflict did the Southern colonies
slavery-based agricultural economy eventually
lead?

• The Civil War

40
What does religious tolerance mean?

• Freedom of Religion

41
What religious group settled Pennsylvania?

• Quakers

42
What religious group settled Maryland?

• Roman Catholics

43
What two groups of colonists generally believed
in religious tolerance?

• Quakers
• Roman Catholics

44
What are the eastern lowlands of the Atlantic
Coastal Plain called?

• Tidewater

45
What was the background of the small farmers,
hunters, and traders in the mountains and valleys
of the inland South?

• Scotch-Irish
• English

46
What religious movement swept the American
colonies in the mid-1700s?

• The Great Awakening

47
Name two important leaders of the Great Awakening?

• George Whitefield
• Jonathan Edwards

48
What two denominations grew rapidly as a result
of the Great Awakening?

• Baptists
• Methodists

49
What religious movement of the mid-18th century
preached fire and brimstone sermons to
encourage spiritual rebirth?

• The Great Awakening

50
What did the Great Awakening challenge?

• The religious order of the colonies
• The governmental order of the colonies