Unit 4 Empires

1
Unit 4 Empires Global Trade
2
Ottoman Empire

• Existed in Asia Minormodern day Turkey
• Emerged as a political and economic power after
  conquest of Constantinople (capital of Byzantine
  Empire) by the Seljuk Turks who were overtaken by
  the Ottoman Turks in 1453

3
Ottoman Empire

• Ottomans adopt Islam and transform capital and
  rename it Istanbul
• Empire lasts until 1919but reduced to size of
  modern Turkey
• Covered Middle East, E. Europe, N. Africa

4
(No Transcript)
5
Mughal Empire (NOT Mongol)

• Created by descendants of the Mongols
• Established empire in N. India 1526-1858
• Since founder was a descendant of a Muslim-Islam
  spread into India

6
Mughal Empire

• Emphasis on cultural achievements
• Example Taj MahalMuslim architecture-tomb for
  ruler and wife
• India opens to Europeans during age of
  exploration
• British est. East India Co.

7
(No Transcript)
8
China and Japan

• Age of ExplorationChina and Japan wanted to
  limit the influences of European merchants

9
Japan

• Govt in 1500s was called Shogunate
• Similar to European feudalism
• Emperor performed religious duties while Shogun
  (military leader) held most control

10
Japan

• At firstJapanese warriors welcomed Europeans for
  the weapons
• Europeans started to bring ChristianityJapanese
  feared this
• Adopt isolationist policyno one left Japan and
  they wanted no contact with Europeans)

11
Japan

• Until Meiji Restorationreformed and modernized
  the govtaway with the Shogun
• Dutch were the only Europeans allowedonly wanted
  trade

12
(No Transcript)
13
China

• Opened up to foreigners with resistance
• Had no desire to deal with Europeansbut
  Europeans will smuggle drugs like opium in and
  through wars they earned more trading privileges

14
China

• Not strong enough for isolationestablish foreign
  enclaves (foreign territory surrounded by a
  specified country for purpose of trade)

15
Africa

• SonghaiAtlantic Coast1493-1528-Islamic empire
  due to gold trade
• European explorers establish trading posts along
  Atlantic coastbecame dependant on trade esp.
  slaves and resources which were exploited in
  Africa

16
Africa

• Indian Ocean Coastwealthy due to trade with Arab
  world
• Allowed for introduction of Islam and creation of
  Swahilia common trading language which is a mix
  of African and Arabic

JAMBO!!
17
(No Transcript)
18
Commercial Revolution

• Change to modern business methods
• Money coins
• Banks government chartered banks

19
Commercial Revolution

• Due to trade routes
• Silk Road
• Trans-Saharan

20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22
Commercial Revolution

• Chinese/Muslims influenced math, science and
  astronomy which were really helpful during
  exploration
• More cultural diffusion and the need to change to
  modern business methods

23
Commercial Revolution

• Competition for overseas markets, colonies, and
  resources created new economic practices
• Commercial Revolution and mercantilism helped to
  build strong, wealthy nations which enabled them
  to industrialize and build colonial empires