THE DUEL FOR NORTH AMERICA

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CHAPTER 6

• THE DUEL FOR NORTH AMERICA

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French Settlement in North America

• France came late to NA colonization
• Edict of Nantes
• Louis XIV 1643-1715
• Samuel de Champlain
• France ruled Canada autocratically
• Reasons Canada grew slowly

French holdings 1700
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New France Fans Out

• Beaver and other furs important resource
• Fur-trappers ranged over French Territory
• Important interaction with Native Americans
• Exploration of Voyageurs
• Jesuit Missionaries

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Map 6.2 Fur-Trading Posts
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Other French Explorers

• Antoine Cadillac founded Detroit
• Robert de La Salle interior basin Louisiana
• Early 1700s establish a number of posts on the
  Mississippi river.
• New Orleans founded in 1718.
• Significance of New Orleans?

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Clash of Empire

• King Williams War 1689-1697 (War of the league
  of Augsburg)
• British and allies against French and Spanish to
  try to check the power of France
• Queen Annes War 1702-1713 (War of Spanish
  Succession)
• Fought when Louis XIV tries to put his Grandson
  on the throne of Spain

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Treaty of Utrecht

• England gets
• Nova Scotia
• Newfoundland
• Hudson Bay area
• limited trading rights in Spanish America

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Clash of Empires

• King Georges War1744-48 (War of Austrian
  Succession in Europe)
• France and Spain against British (in North
  America)
• Cape Breton Island.
• Brits give it back in the peace treaty. (1748)
• New Englanders outraged.

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Background to French and Indian War

• Ohio Valley dispute
• Va. Governor Dinwitty sends militia and George
  Washington
• Fort Necessity
• GW forced to surrender after 10-hour siege
• Unofficial start of the French and Indian War
  (Seven-Years War).

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French and Indian War

• In Europe, England and Prussia against France,
  Spain, Austria and Russia
• In America, French and their Indian allies
  against British, colonists and their Indian allies

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Albany Congress

• 7 of 13 Colonies send reps.
• Short-range purpose
• Long-range purpose
• Ben Franklins Plan

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French and Indian War

• Fort Duquesne
• Battle of the Wilderness 7/9/55
• Braddock
• Brits pummeled
• Washington a hero
• Significance

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French and Indian War

• William Pitt new Prime Minister
• Great Commoner
• His policies toward war
• Louisburg
• James Wolfe Quebec

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• Treaty of Paris 1763
• Canada seceded to Brit.
• French forced to give Louisiana to Spain.
• Spanish give Florida to the Brits.
• France completely out of N.A.

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Affects of War

• 20,000 Americans fight in the war.
• Colonies emerge with renewed confidence in their
  military abilities.
• Myth of invincible Brit. troops shattered.
• Brits have contempt for colonial militias.
• Some colonists had not supported the war.
• Greater Colonial Unity

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Impact of War on Colonists

• New sense of Freedom-French Gone
• Feel less dependent on Brits
• Want to spread into Ohio Valley
• Indian threat reduced
• Pontiacs Rebellion
• Significance

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Proclamation of 1763

• What did it do?
• What was Britains objective
• How did the colonists react to it?

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End of Chapter