Civil War

1
Civil War

• Analyze the economic, political, and social
  causes of the Civil War

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Vocabulary

• POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
• COMPROMISE
• ABOLITIONIST
• SECTIONALISM
• FUGITIVE
• SECEDE

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IMPORTANT VOCABULARY!

• POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
• A VOTE where the people decide on an issue.
  (I.E. slavery)
• COMPROMISE
• An agreement reached between two sides where both
  sides have to give up something,.

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MORE VOCAB. -

• ABOLITIONIST
• A person who works to bring an end to or believes
  in NO slavery. Often they try and help slaves to
  freedom.
• SECTIONALISM
• The belief that your part of the country is the
  BEST. You put your part of the countrys needs
  in front of what is best for the WHOLE nation.

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MORE VOCAB.

• FUGITIVE
• A person who has gone against or broken the law
  and is on the loose.
• SECEDE -
• To remove or break away as the Southern states
  did from the Union.

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LAST TWO!

• ARSENAL
• A warehouse that stores guns and ammunition.
• MARTYR
• A person who is willing to die for their beliefs.
  I.E. John Brown

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Emergence of States Rights

• The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
• written by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson
• introduced the idea of states rights.
• States could nullify law passed by Congress that
  the states thought was unconstitutional

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Leading to a Civil War

• Events leading to the Secession of the South
• Secession
• "to withdraw formally from a union or alliance
• Southern individual states nullified their
  ratification of the U.S. constitution

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The Process of Secession
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Sectionalism

• Some people view sectionalism as a major issue.
• Sectionalism is the rivalry between the North and
  South over several issues
• slavery
• tariffs
• states rights
• transportation

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Westward Expansion the Growth of Sectionalism

• The history of the United States is a history of
  movement from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific
  Ocean.

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COMPROMISES

• Because of the expansion into westward territory,
  compromises had to be reached regarding slavery.
• Would a state be added as a free or slave?

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Missouri Compromise

• Missouri admitted as a slave state
• Maine admitted as a free state
• Line drawn at 36 degrees 30 minutes North
  latitude
• Everything north of the line would be free
• Everything south of the line could be slave

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Compromise of 1850

• California admitted as a free state
• The rest of the Mexican Cession to be formed into
  New Mexico Utah territories
• Texas to give disputed territory to New Mexico
• No slave trade in Washington, DC
• Stronger fugitive slave law
• Government to pay debts of Texas

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

• Popular sovereignty
• the people decide if the area will be a free
  state or a slave state by voting
• led to a civil war in Kansas
• Kansas became known as Bleeding Kansas
• Kansas admitted as a free state

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Dred Scott Decision

• Supreme Court ruled that Scott and his family
  were not free
• Slaves were property
• Federal government could not take a citizens
  property from them
• Made all other compromises null and void

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Economic Issues

• Each section of the country had its own economic
  interests.

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Leading to a Civil War

• Economic
• Labor
• South - free labor North - paid labor
• Tariffs
• North wanted to protect their products
  artificial inflation of imports
• South faced reciprocal tariffs when they
  exported their agricultural products
• South Against High Tariffs
• North Against Free Labor

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Leading to a Civil War

• Economic
• North passes laws in congress because of an
  imbalance in voting power
• 19 Free States
• 15 Slave States

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Leading to a Civil War

• Nature of a Republic
• What is a Republic?
• Representative Democracy
• Freedom to choose
• South choose to leave under this freedom
• Under another system this would not have
  happened!

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Leading to a Civil War

• ". . . it presents the question whether
  discontented individuals too few in numbers to
  control administration according to organic law
  in any case, can always upon the pretenses made
  in this case, or on any other pretense, break up
  their government, and thus practically put an end
  to free government upon the earth. It forces us
  to ask Is there, in all republics, this inherent
  and fatal weakness? Must a government, of
  necessity be too strong for the liberties of its
  own people or too weak to maintain its own
  existence?"
• Lincoln - July 4, 1861
• following Ft. Sumter

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Leading to a Civil War

• our heritage depends on inherent weakness of
  a republic to strong to maintain liberties yet
  too weak to maintain its existence.
• Abraham Lincoln

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• Southerners feared the election of Lincoln and
  the growth of the Republican Party.They thought
  Lincoln wanted to free the slaves. In reality, he
  just wanted to stop the spread of slavery into
  new territories.

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So, what was the real cause of the war?

• There is no one answer.
• Each issue from the beginning of our nation to
  the outbreak of the war contributed to the cause.
  
• The compromises only delayed the onset.
• The war was inevitable.