Imperialism

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4.1 The Rise of American Imperialism
Hawaii, Cuba, the Philippines, and Latin America
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Anti-Imperial Sentiment Background

• From the Civil War until the 1890s, most
  Americans had little interest in territorial
  expansion
• Imperial rule seemed inconsistent with America's
  republican principles.
• The US did not welcome people with different
  cultures, languages, and religions.

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European Imperialism

• By the mid-1890s, a shift had taken place in
  American attitudes toward expansion. Why? Between
  1870 and 1900, the European powers seized 10
  million square miles of territory in Africa and
  Asia. About 150 million people were subjected to
  colonial rule.

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Fear of Competition

• In the United States, a growing number of policy
  makers, bankers, manufacturers, and trade unions
  grew fearful that the country might be closed out
  in the struggle for global markets and raw
  materials.

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Belief in Darwinian Struggle

• A belief that the world's nations were engaged in
  a Darwinian struggle for survival and that
  countries that failed to compete were doomed to
  decline also contributed to a new assertiveness
  on the part of the United States.

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Imperialism

• Definition
• Stronger nations take over weaker nations to
  become more powerful.
• Political, economical social control
• It must be supported by the military
• 4 Causes of Imperialism (leave space between
  each)
• Manifest Destiny
• Expanding Markets
• Spreading American Views
• Anglo-Saxon (white) Superiority

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Manifest Destiny

• Expanding coast to coast
• Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
• Weve accomplished this now what?
• Tracing American Expansion
• Louisiana Purchase
• Florida
• Oregon
• Texas
• Mexican Cession
• Gadsden Purchase
• Alaska

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Closing the American Frontier
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Expanding Markets

• The opportunity to buy sell goods to new places
• We can make more money!!
• Main reason the US becomes imperialistic
• The 2nd Industrial Revolution contributed to this
  desire
• Lots of new products are being made we need to
  sell them

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Commercial/Business Interests
American Foreign Trade1870-1914
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Spread American Views

• Spreading American values customs
• Whats this called when we force others to give
  up their culture?
• Assimilation
• White Mans Burden
• It is the white mans duty to civilize other
  people
• Examples
• Assimilation
• Dawes Act

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Anglo-Saxon Superiority

• Belief that white people (Americans) were
  culturally superior
• We believe were better than everyone else
  especially non-whites!

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Social Darwinist Thinking
The White MansBurden
The Hierarchyof Race
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A Desire for Sea Power

• Alfred Thayer Mahan, a naval strategist and the
  author of The Influence of Sea Power Upon
  History, argued that national prosperity and
  power depended on control of the world's
  sea-lanes. "Whoever rules the waves rules the
  world," Mahan wrote.

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Military/Strategic Interests
Alfred T. Mahan ? The Influence of Sea Power on
History 1660-1783
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The Influence of Sea Power Upon History
4 Goals
1. Build a modern Navy
Author
2. Gets islands in the Caribbean Sea
Alfred T. Mahan
3. Gets islands in the Pacific Ocean
Topic
Identifies 4 things the US needed to become
imperialistic
4. Build a canal through Latin America
(Panama Canal)
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Acquisition of Alaska

• The exception to the rule was Alaska. In 1867,
  Sec. of State William Steward arranged to buy
  Alaska from the Russians for 7.2 million. Rich
  in natural resources (timber, minerals, and oil),
  Alaska was a bargain at two cents per acre.

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Spheres of Influence

• Are of economic political control exerted by
  one nation over other nations
• One nation influences other nations
• Ex Monroe Doctrine The USA has influence over
  N. S. America (Western Hemisphere)

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Colony

• One country sets up controls a settlement in
  another area
• Economic political control
• Ex England established the American colonies in
  N. America

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Protectorate

• One country partially controls the affairs of
  another country
• Ex The USAs relationship with Cuba

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Commonwealth

• Similar to a protectorate, but less restrictive
• Ex USA Puerto Rico

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Mercantilism

• Economic theory that colonies exist to help make
  the mother country more self-sufficient
• Exporting (sell) more than importing (buy)
• Ex The American colonies supplied the raw
  materials for England to make finished goods to
  sell to other countries