Invasion of Japan set for 1 November

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• Invasion of Japan set for 1 November
• Estimates of casualties were extremely high
  considering how hard the Japanese would fight to
  defend their homeland
• Estimates ran as high as a million for the Allies
  and 10 million for Japan.
• Purple Heart is a medal given to any soldier
  wounded while serving.
• The US military is still using Purple Hearts they
  made in anticipation of the invasion of Japan.

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• Manhattan Project
• Top secret project to build the first atomic bomb
• Eventually employed 130,000 people and cost 2
  Billion.
• 1st A-bomb test Alamogordo NM 16 July
• 20,000 tons of TNT picture a train with 200 box
  cars, each filled with tnt.

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• Dropping the Bomb
• Late July Truman asked Japan to surrender
  rejected
• Truman had to decide whether to use the atomic
  bomb or not
• The Allies would have defeated Japan without the
  Bomb.
• The question was how many lives would it cost?

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• 6 Aug Little Boy dropped on Hiroshima

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Colonel Paul Tibbets and the crew of the Enola
Gay, the plane that dropped the first atomic bomb.
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Little Boy
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Hiroshima before the bomb
Hiroshima after the bomb
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• The bomb missed the target by about 800 yards
• It exploded over the city center at a height of
  1,900 feet
• The blast destroyed one square mile and fires
  destroyed four square miles.
• About 90,000 people died, most on the first day

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• Japan again asked to surrender no response
• Russia declared war on Japan
• 9 Aug Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki
• August 14th Emperor Hirohito agrees to
  surrender

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• Side note USS Indianapolis
• After delivering parts and the uranium for Little
  Boy (the first atomic bomb), she was torpedoed in
  the Philippine Sea.
• She rolled over and sank within 12 minutes.
• She took 300 of her 1200 crewmen with her

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• The remain 800 were left in shark infested waters
  for four days
• Although the Indiapolis had sent a distress call,
  no one responded
• Additionally the Navy hadnt noticed that the
  Indianapolis was over due in port.

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• The survivors of the sinking suffered from
  dehydration and starvation as they floated in the
  ocean for four days
• By the time they were accidentally discovered,
  there were only 320 left alive
• This was the worst loss of life in the entire
  history of the US Navy.

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• 2 Sept Japan signs surrender on board USS
  Missouri

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Beginning and End USS Missouri next to the
Arizona Memorial
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• Many nations in Asia use 2nd of September as
  their nations birthday because so many were under
  control of Japan.
• With the signing of the Surrender documents WWII
  officially comes to a close.
• September 2nd was VJ Day
• The costliest war in human history was over.

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Post Script

• Nuremburg Trials Nazi leaders were put on trial
  for war crimes.
• First time in history leaders were held
  responsible for war.
• There were also trials in Japan.