Imperialism

1
Imperialism

• Policy in which stronger nations extend their
  economic, political, or military control over
  weaker nations

2
Major Factors

• Economic increase need for natural resources
• Nationalist competition for large empire
• Military superior to those in Africa and Asia
• Humanitarian duty to spread the blessing of
  western civilization

3
Annexation of Alaska

• William Seward
• 1867 Russian 7.2 million
• 1959 becomes a state

4
Annexation of Hawaii

• American sugar planters gain control of Hawaiis
  govt and economy
• McKinley Tariff
• Queen Liliuokalani
• Sanford B. Dole

5
Spanish American Cuban War

• Cuban Rebellion
• General Valeriano Wyler
• Jose Marti
• Yellow Journalism
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• De Lome Letter
• Enrique De Lome (Spanish Minister to US)
• Criticized McKinley

6
Spanish American Cuban War

• USS Maine
• Sent to Cuba to protect Amer
• Remember the Maine
• War with Spain
• Philippines
• George Deweys victory
• Cuba
• Rough Riders
• Lead to invasion of Puerto Rico

7
Spanish American Cuban War

• Treaty of Paris
• Ended Splendid Little War
• Cuba gain independence
• Sp give Puerto Rico and Guam to US
• US pay Sp 20 million for annexation of
  Philippine Islands
• - Residents would not become US Citizens

8
US and Puerto Rico

• Not smart enough to govern themselves
• Needed for maintaining presence in Caribbean and
  protecting future canal across Isthmus of Panama
• Foraker Act

9
Cuba and US

• Platt Amendment
• Cuba could not make treaties that allowed foreign
  country control
• US reserved right to intervene to preserve
  independence
• Cuba was not to go into debt
• US could buy/lease land for naval or coaling
  stations
• Became a US Protectorate

10
Philippine-American War

• Emilio Aguinaldo
• Rebelled against US
• US forced Filipinos to live in designated areas
• US set up govt 2 houses
• Finally gained independence

11
Open Door Policy

• US needed to maintain trade with China
• Sec of State John Hay
• US called for open access to Chinas coastal
  ports, elimination of special privileges for any
  trading nations and the maintenance of Chinas
  independence

12
Boxer Rebellion

• Chinese opposed to Western influence in their
  country
• Boxers drive out evils
• Rebellion stopped by outside forces
• US scared about fate of China and issued 2nd open
  door notes
• US safeguard trade with China

13
Impact of gains

• Not necessary to own people to trade with them
• Expense of maintaining Amer empire would out
  weight benefits
• McKinley assassinated and Teddy Roosevelt steps in

14
Russo-Jap War

• Russia controlled Manchuria, wanted Korea which
  Japan set up as an independent nation
• War broke out b/w Russia and Japan
• Japan wanted Roosevelt to intervene-gt Nobel Peace
  Prize

15
Panama Canal

• Roosevelt wanted canal, shortcut b/w Atlantic and
  Pacific Ocean
• Hay-Pauncefote Treaty
• Panama claimed independence from Columbia with
  help of US
• Panama gave US control of strip in exchange for
  help

16
Roosevelt Corollary

• US did not want Europe to intervene in Latin
  America due to monies owed
• Speak softly and carry and big stick and you will
  go far
• Dollar Diplomacy US policy of using the nations
  economic power to exert influence over other
  countries

17
Wilson and Missionary Diplomacy

• Monroe Doctrine
• Wilsons Missionary Diplomacy

18
Mexican Revolution

• Porfirio Diaz-gt Frances Madero -gt General
  Victoriana Huerta
• Wilson refused to recognize Huerta
• War broke out
• Huerta regime collapsed -gt Venustiano Carranza
• Emiliano Zapata and Franscisco Pancho Villa
• Led revolts against Carranza US

19
US Goals Achieved

1. Expanded its access to foreign markets in order
   to ensure the continued growth of the domestic
   economy
2. Built a modern Navy to protect its interest
   abroad
3. Exercised its power to ensure American dominance
   in Latin America