The Marine Biome

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The Marie Biome
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Characteristics of the Marine Biome

• cover 71 of the Earths Surface.
• Some places of the ocean floor are deeper than
  Mt. Everest is high.
• 96.5 of the ocean is pure water
• 3.5 is dissolved compounds that typically runoff
  from rivers or rainwater.

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Factors Effecting the Composition of Marine Waters

• Air
• The levels of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide
  (CO2) in the water are greatly effected by the
  air
• Rivers and Runoff from Land
• add minerals and sediment
• Disasters
• Hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones weather and
  erode the coastal regions washing sediments into
  the ocean
• Human activities

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Components of the Marine Biome

• Abiotic (nonliving)
• Water
• Sunlight/darkness
• Minerals
• Dissolved gases
• Biotic (living)
• Producers
• Consumers
• Decomposers

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Levels of Lightin the Ocean

• Photic zone
• Light fills the water at this level
• Twilight zone
• Transition zone between light and absolute
  darkness
• Aphotic zone
• Depths where no sunlight exists

Aphotic Zone
(Click image)
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Primary Consumers

• Eat the producers - herbivores
• Sea urchins eat kelp
• Sea butterflies feed on phytoplankton
• Parrot fish eat algae

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Secondary Consumers

• Eat the primary consumers carnivores or
  omnivores
• Jelly fish eat small fish
• Clown fish eat small invertebrates
• Sea otters eat sea urchins

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Tertiary Consumers

• Eat the secondary consumers
• Polar bears eat seals, walrus, and beluga
  whales
• Great White sharks eat dolphins, sharks,
  whales, sea lions, sea turtles and sea birds
• Bull sharks eat dolphins, rays, sea turtles and
  sea birds

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Decomposers

• Filter Feeders remove dead materials floating
  in the water
• Ex. Tube worms and anemones
• Bottom Feeders break down dead materials that
  has made its way to the ocean floor
• Ex. Sea Cucumbers and Star Fish

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Flow of Energy in the Ocean

• Sun or Deep Sea Vent
• Producers
• Primary Consumers
• Secondary Consumers
• Tertiary Consumers

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Flow of Matter and Energyin the Ocean