Kingdom Protista

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Kingdom Protista

• Most diverse kingdom
• Live where ever there is moisture
• Difficult to classify

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Three Major Groups

• Animal-like Protozoans
• Plant-like Algae
• Fungus-like

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AND NOW THE.

• PROTOZOANS
• THE ANIMAL-LIKE PROTIST

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Animal Phyla

• Phylum Sarcodina
• ex. ameba
• Phylum Zooflagellata
• Ex. Trypanosoma
• Phylum Ciliophora
• Ex. Paramecium
• Phylum Sporozoa
• Plasmodium

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Phylum Sarcodina

• Projections called psuedopods used for movement
  and food gathering
• Amebas are shapeless/ radiolarians have a silica
  shell and foraminiferans have a calcium
  shell(build up and creates chalk)
• Amebas can form resistant cysts
• Parasitic amebas can cause dysentery(by drinking
  contaminated water and food)
• Amoeba genus spelling Ameba common name

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Phylum Zooflagellata

• Have flagella for motility
• Trichonympha lives in the gut of the termite
  and digests wood (mutalistic relationship)
• Trypanosoma found in the saliva of the Tsetse
  fly/ it causes African Sleeping Sickness

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Phylum Ciliophora

• Have cilia for motility
• Most numerous protozoan
• Most are harmless only a few are parasitic
• Examples include paramecium, vorticella, stentor

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Phylum Sporoza

• All are non-motile and mostly parasitic
• Have complex life cycles
• Example Plasmodium which is transmitted through
  the mosquito. It causes Malaria

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AND NOW THE..

• ALGAE
• PLANT-LIKE PROTIST

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Phylum Dinoflagellata-fire algae

• 2 flagella/spin like tops
• Many are bioluminescent (converts chemical energy
  to light energy)
• Resp. for Red Tide

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Phylum Bacillariophyta -Diatoms

• Unicelluar (look like a box and lid)
• Have silica (glass) cell walls
• worlds largest producer of oxygen
  (Phytoplantonfloating microorganisms that
  provide basis of food chain and make oxygen)
• Float because they contain oil
• Useful in filters, toothpaste, silver polish, and
  paints because they reflect light)

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Phylum Euglenophyta - Euglena

• Resemble both algae and protozoans
• Autotrophic and heterotropic
• Flagella and chloroplast
• Useful in sewage treatment plants (help breakdown
  sewage and add oxygen)

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Phylum Chloropyta Green algae

• Unicellar, multicelluar or colonies
• Very diverse group

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Phylum Rhodophyta red algae

• Multicelluar
• Warm, saltwater
• Live as deep as 260 meters
• Accessory pigments to absort light

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Phylum Phaeophyta- brown algae

• Multicellar
• Mostly cool, saltwater
• Largest Protist (Giant Kelp_
• Have air bladders to help them float

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AND NOW THE FUNGUS-LIKE SLIME MOLDS
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Three phyla- Myxomycota, Acrasiomycota, Oomycota

• Many produce a Plasmodium (feeding stage) and
  fruiting body stage (makes spores)
• Water molds were responsible for the the Great
  Potato Famine

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ECOLOGICAL ROLES

• Plankton
• Phytoplankton (prod. Oxygen/ food)
• Zooplankton (predators on bacteria/decomposers/rec
  ycling)

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DISEASES

• Amoebic dysentery
• Trypanosoma
• Plasmodium
• ??

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Human Uses

• Carrageenan (thickner/food enhancer)
• Agar (soups/frosting/pudding)
• Algin
• Diatoms
• Bioindicators