Chapter 6 The Arab Empire 632-661

1
Chapter 6The Arab Empire 632-661
2
Maps and Charts 1
3

• Muhammad died no successor
• Followers chose Abu Bakr his father-in-law over
  Ali his cousin and son-in-law caliph (would
  cause conflict later)

4

• Under Abu, Arabs spread Islam and defeated
  Byzantium army at Syria Jihad struggle for
  God
• Abu Bakr had little control over military
  commanders of the clans

5

• The Bedouin clans were more interested in Booty
  (thats money yall!) than spreading the Islamic
  faith

6

• The Byzantine and Persian (Sasanian) Empires were
  weak against the Arab invasions

7

• Abu Bakr dies once again no successors
• 1st 4 caliphs were assassinated Uthman (3rd
  Caliph) was the 1st Umayyad caliph

8

• 4th caliph was Ali Muhammads son-in-law (ruled
  for 5 years), but Umayyads were upset that Ali
  did not avenge Uthmans murder.

9

• Umayyad Clan vs. Ali and his ally clan.
• Umayyads proclaim Muawiya as Caliph
• Ali is assassinated, and leaves Muawiya as
  Caliph
• Husayn (Alis son) Karbala last struggle
  against Umayyads

10

• Islam splits
• Shiite only accept rulers who are descendants
  of Ali (supporters of Ali)
• Sunni accepted the Umayyads as rulers
• Still source of conflict and division today!