SYNTAX

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SYNTAX
Advanced Placement English 12
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To understand syntax, we must first define
DICTION.
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DICTION diction consists of vocabulary words
one at a time
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Syntax is the patterns of diction.
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Syntax is the rule-governed arrangement of words
in sentences.
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Consider these lines from Robert Frost
Something there is that doesnt love a
wall. or Whose woods these are I think I know
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The vocabulary, or diction, is quite common but
the syntax is unusual.
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SYNTAX seems to be that level of language that
most distinguishes poetry from prose. It would
be unlikely that any prose writer or speaker
would say, I will arise and go now, and go to
Innisfree, and a small cabin build there, of
clay and wattles made.
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ELEMENTS OF SYNTAX
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1. Patterns parallel structure repetition
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2. Audience expectations time period
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3. Sentence levels
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• 4. Sentence Types
• Simple
• Compound
• Complex

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• 5. Special Sentence Forms
•       Periodic Sentence
•       Elliptical Sentence
•       Inverted Sentence
• Passive Voice Sentence

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6. Sentence length
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• 7. Types of structures Within a sentence
• verbals (participle, gerund, infinitive)
•       Adjective Clause
•       Adverb Clause
•       Prepositional Phrase
•       Absolute
• Appositive

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8. Tenses Modals
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EFFECTS OF SYNTAX
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1. Emphasis
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2. Focus
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3. Changes or Shifts
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4. Establishes or implies relationships
connections
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5. Reveals Persona
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6. Establishes tone
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7. Establishes Mood
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8. Creates Rhythm
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9. Aids organization
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10. Creates suspense, shock, surprise
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11. Creates a pleasing style
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12. Allows for development of ideas
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13. Creates clarity, simplicity or economy
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Allows for more depth in ideas
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15. Makes the level of language more or less
abstract/concrete
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16. Makes the level of language more or less high
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17. Avoids excessive or irritating repetition
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18. Imitates speech
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19. Creates variety
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20. Creates Pacing