Syntax

1
Syntax

• Aka Sentence structure

2
5 Kinds of Sentences

• Declarative--makes statements
• Ms. Kitchens is a funny dresser.
• Imperative--makes commands sometimes contains
  the understood you
• Papers in the tray.
• Exclamatory--communicates strong emotion or
  surprise
• I love Ms. Kitchens!

3
5 Kinds of Sentences

• Interrogative--asks questions
• Why is Ms. Kitchens so strange?
• Conditional--expresses wishes (ifthen)
• If Ms. Kitchens gives me an A, I will bring her
  non-fat lattes every Monday and Wednesday.

4
Loose Sentences

• A loose sentences expresses the main thought near
  the beginning and is followed by explanatory
  material.
• Ex English is my favorite subject because we get
  to read awesome books, do cool assignments like
  beat poetry and drink milk with cookies.
• What is the main thought here?

5
Periodic Sentences

• The main idea of a periodic sentence comes at the
  end of the sentence (near the period.)
• Ex In English, we get to read awesome books, do
  cool assignment like beat poetry and drink milk
  with cookies and that is why English is my
  favorite subject.

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You practice

• Heres the main idea
• All beatniks were not drug addicts.
• Write a loose sentence using this idea (remember,
  the main idea will come 1st)

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Practice

• Now, write a periodic sentence using the same
  main idea
• All beatniks were not drug addicts

8
Parallel Sentences

• A sentence is parallel when words or phrases are
  stated in the same way, usually gramatically
• Ex. Ms. Kitchens likes to bake apple pie, eat
  with a fork and clean the kitchen.
• What tense are all the verbs in?
• What else is similar?

9
Parallel Sentences

• Repitition can also lead to parallelism in a
  sentence or a paragraph
• Ex It was the best of times it was the worst
  of times.
• Ex I have a dreamI have a dream
• (This is repeated throughout Kings speech,
  making it parallel.)

10
Parallel Sentences

• Write a parallel sentence of your own, either
  using the idea of repitition or grammatical
  similarity.
• Check your partners paper.

11
MLKs I Have a Dream

• Write down what you know about Martin Luther King
  or the Civil Rights Movement

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MLKs I Have a Dream

• One of the most recognized symbols of Civil
  Rights Movement
• Delivered August 28, 1963
• Part of March on Washington
• 200,000 people (listen for them in the
  background)
• Anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation

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MLKs I Have a Dream

• Kings speech is full of parallelism and a
  variety of different syntax. Listen through the
  first time, keeping an ear attuned for
  parallelism.
• When were done listening, Ill ask you to find
  loose and/or periodic sentences, plus the 5 types
  of sentences.

14
Your Dream

• Heres your chance to emulate Martin Luther King!
• Using Kings I Have Dream Speech, write your
  own I Have a Dream Speech.

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I Have a Dream

• Your speech must
• Be at least 3/4 of a page (250-300 words)
• Use some type of parallelism
• Employ at least three different types of
  sentences (declarative, interrogative,
  conditional, etc.)
• Must have at least one periodic sentence and one
  loose sentence

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I Have a Dream Analysis

• What type of syntax does Martin Luther King
  employ in his I Have a Dream Speech and how
  does it further develop his purpose?
• First, determine purpose
• Next, figure out what kind of syntax he uses
• Finally, how does that syntax help his purpose?