Reformation

1
Reformation

• Chapter 17
• SSWH9d,e,f

2
Corruption in the Catholic Church

• Popes used excommunication to control monarchs
• Many priests illiterate, broke vows of chastity
  lived in luxury
• Some clergy
• Charged ppl to see holy objects
• Sold indulgences

3
Martin Luther

• Middle class/studied law
• Became a monk

4
Martin LutherWhy did he question
teachings/practices?

• Angered by indulgences
• Justification of faith
• Salvation thru faith ALONE

5
How did criticism led to new church?

• 95 thesis on Wittenberg church
• Mass conducted in German not Latin
• Clergy allowed to marry

6
95 Thesis
7
Why did his reforms create widespread revolt in
Germany?

• Peasants believe everyone equal in eyes of God,
  revolted against lords
• Princes wanted freedom from church
• Southern Europe Catholic
• Northern Europe Protestant

8
Reformation SpreadsWhat other groups separated
from Catholic Church?

• Calvinists (1546)
• Founder John Calvin (Switzerland)
• Predestination
• God knows whos saved
• Lived by strict rules
• Theocracy

9
John Calvin
10
Reformation SpreadsWhat other groups separated
from Catholic Church? cont.

• Anglicans (1534)
• Founder King Henry VIII (England)
• Pope wouldnt grant divorce from Catherine of
  Aragon
• Monarch, not pope head of church

11
Henry VIII
12
Queens Mary Elizabeth I
13
Why did Protestantism spread beyond Germany?

• Leaders looked for ways to escape the church
• Ppl tired of corruption

14
How did Catholic Church respond?

• Counter Reformation
• Council of Trent
• Prohibited indulgences
• Seminaries to train clergy
• Mass in Latin ONLY
• Good works faith needed for salvation
• Churchs interpretation of Bible is the ONLY
  valid one

15
How did Catholic Church respond? cont.

• Tried to stop the spread of Protestantism
• Jesuits
• Well educated/founded schools
• Missionary work/conversions
• Inquistion
• Court to stop heresy

16
Jesuit Colleges -28 in USAFYI-Dont Copy!

• Boston College
• Fordham University (NY)
• Georgetown Univ. (DC)
• Gonzaga Univ. (WA)
• Loyola Univ. (IL, LA, MD)
• Loyola Marymount (CA)
• Xavier Univ. (OH)
• Marquette Univ. (WI)

17
Inquisition-Garroting Chair Headcrusher
18
Inquisition Hanging the Pear
19
Inquisition Judas Chair
20
Inquisition - Iron Maiden
21
Inquisition The Breast Ripper The Cats Paw
22
Inquisition - Chair of Spikes