The Protestant Reformation

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The Protestant Reformation
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Breakdown of Denominations
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What is the Protestant Reformation?

• Protestant Reformation- a religious movement in
  the 1500s that split the Christian church in
  western Europe and led to the establishment of a
  number of new churches.
• People grew displeased with the churches
• Financial Corruption
• Abuse of Power
• Immorality

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Important Developments that aid the process to
Reformation!

• The Printing Press!!!!
• Books are now available to the masses not just
  the rich! (Faster productioncheaper books)
• People have access to books whenever they want
  them.
• How does this relate to the Reformation? Explain
  your answer?

Printing Press 3,600 pages per workday Hand
Printing 40 pages per workday
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What happens to spark the Reformation?

• Pope Leo X needs money to build St. Peters
  Basilicaso he sells indulgences!
• Indulgences- were pardons issued by the pope that
  people could buy to reduce a souls time in
  purgatory (People could buy forgiveness)
• Martin Luthers Ninety Five Theses

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Language Barriers

• Most uneducated people didnt understand Latin,
  but knew the local common language or
  vernacular.
• Almost all Bibles were written in LATIN before
  the Reformation.
• It was the job of the church clergy to translate
  the Bible to lay people.

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Martin Luther

• Luther was a German monk and professor of
  theology (religion) at the University of
  Wittenberg.
• One of the many leaders of the Protestant
  Reformation.
• Luther objected to a saying attributed to Johann
  Tetzel that "As soon as the coin in the coffer
  rings, the soul from purgatory springs."

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Luthers 95 Theses

• In 1517, the 95 Theses were nailed to a church
  door. They were written in Latin.
• Luthers intention NOT TO BREAK WITH CHURCH,
  BUT REFORM IT!
• Criticized
• Indulgences
• Power of Pope
• Wealth of Church
• Gods Grace won by FAITH ALONE!
• Catholic View Good Works

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Excommunication

• In 1520 Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther.
• Excommunication- expelled him from the church.
• Holy Roman Emperor Charles V passed measures to
  suppress Luthers writings.
• Lutheran princes in Germany issued a protestatio
  or protest.
• Hence the term Protestant!

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In England, the Reformation began with the King!

• King Henry VIII
• He wants a SON, but his first wife, Catherine of
  Aragon, can not give him a son.
• Wants to divorce his wife (called an annulment),
  but the Pope denies his request.

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England Splits from the Church

• Henry says that he is King, and should be able to
  do what he wants. He breaks from Rome, and
  creates the Church of England. Any guesses as to
  who is in charge of the Church of England?

• Henry divorces his first wife, Catherine (who is
  a Spanish Princess AND Catholic) and remarries a
  much younger woman. Anyone know how this ends up?

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Effects on North American Settlement

• England is now in direct opposition to The Pope
  and all countries which are still Catholic (Spain
  and France, especially)
• This shapes how the colonies in North America are
  formed, not only with immigration patterns, but
  also with how each country interacts with another.