The Spread of Protestantism

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The Spread of Protestantism
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Protestantism Spreads beyond Germany

• Political leaders looked for ways to escape the
  power of the Church
• People were tired of corruption and abuses
• New religious leaders offered many an alternative
• Rising literacy rate allowed for the rapid spread
  of ideas

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John Calvinand Calvinism

• established the most powerful and influential
  Reformed group in Geneva
• Had background in theology, law, and humanism
• Believed God possessed all-encompassing knowledge
  and power
• Believed in predestination
• attempts to turn Geneva into a model religious
  community
• Fighting, swearing, drunkenness, gambling, card
  playing, and dancing all prohibited
• Church attended 5 times a week
• People of the Netherlands Scotland become
  Calvins biggest support
• Contributed to the rise of revolutionary
  movements in 1600s and 1700s

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The Anabaptists

• Believed only adults that could make a free and
  informed choice to be Christians should be
  baptized
• Refused to hold office, bear arms, swear oaths
• live apart from society believed sin was
  everywhere
• Lutherans Catholics persecute
• Anabaptist groups leave for North America in
  1600s
• Promote freedom of religion and separation of
  church and state
• Baptists, Mennonites, and Amish all trace their
  roots back to Anabaptists

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English Reformation The Anglican Church

• A result of a fight between King Henry VIII and
  Pope Clement VII
• Henrys wife, Catherine of Aragon bore only one
  surviving child, Mary
• Henry decides to marry Anne Boleyn, hoping she
  will have a son
• 1527, asks for a divorce, pope refuses
• Passes a series of laws separating the English
  Church from Rome
• 1534- Act of Supremacy makes the King the head of
  the English Church
• Not a true Protestant reform keeps Catholic
  doctrines and forms of worship

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• Devout Catholics, including Thomas More oppose
• 1535, beheaded for treason
• Monasteries and convents closed
• Seizes church lands to increase power and wealth
• Ensured support for religious policies
• Anne Boleyn has daughter, Elizabeth
• Henry marries four more times to have one son,
  Edward
• 1547, nine year old Edward VI becomes king,
  Protestant doctrines brought to Church of England
• Dies at 15, Mary becomes queen

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• Mary attempts to restore Catholicism to England
• Burns hundreds of Protestants at the stake
  Bloody Mary
• Dies in 1558, Protestant sister Elizabeth becomes
  queen
• Elizabeth I
• more of a moderate
• Made English Church Protestant with Catholic
  features
• Anglicanism
• King is the ultimate authority
• High Church and Low Church based on class
• Has issues with radical group called the Puritans
  
• wanted to completely rid, or purify the church
  of Catholic rituals

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