Ulrich Zwingli

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Ulrich Zwingli
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Section 4 The Spread of Protestantism and the
Catholic Response

• 14. The Zwinglian Reformation
• - Ulrich Zwingli began a new Christian group in
  Zurich, Switzerland.
• - Relics and images were forbidden in the city,
  and a new service of scripture reading, prayer,
  and sermons replaced Catholic mass.
• - Swiss and German reformers sought an alliance
  - couldnt agree on the meaning of the sacrament
  of Communion.
• - 1531, Zwingli was killed in a war between
  Protestant and Catholic states in Switzerland.

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15. Calvin and Calvinism

• - 1536, Calvin published Institutes of the
  Christian Religion a summary of protestant
  thought.
• - Like Luther, Calvin believed salvation comes
  through faith alone and the bible is the only
  source for religious truth.
• - taught that God was all powerful and that
  God had
• predestinated who would be saved
• - was invited to set up a theocracy in Geneva,
  Switzerland
• - the Consistory a court to oversee and
  enforce moral discipline

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John Calvin
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16. The Reformation in England

• came about because of politics, not religion
• King Henry VIII wanted to divorce Catherine of
  Argon because he need a male heir they have a
  daughter, Mary
• The Pope is unwilling to annul the marriage so
  King Henry VIII turns to the courts
• 1533, the archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas
  Cranmer rules the kings marriage to be null and
  void
• - few weeks later, Henry marries Anne Boleyn,
  they have a daughter, Elizabeth.

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King Henry VIII
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Catherine of Argon
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Mary aka Bloody Mary
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Thomas Cranmer
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Anne Boleyn
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Queen Elizabeth aka The Virgin Queen
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• - Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy of 1534
  broke with the Catholic Church and the pope in
  Rome created the Church of England and made
  Henry the supreme head of the
• church
• - Henry dies in 1547, Edward VI, the son of his
  third wife, comes to the throne.
• - Because Edward is so young, church officials
  move the church in a Protestant direction.

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• - 1553, Mary I, a devout Catholic comes to the
  throne wanted to restore Catholicism to England
  has more than 300 Protestants burned as heretics
  becomes known as Bloody Mary
• - Sir Thomas More wrote Utopia describes an
  ideal society where all live in peace and
  harmony devout Catholic
• opposed King Henrys actions and is beheaded

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Act of Supremacy 1534
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Edward VI aka The Boy King
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Sir Thomas Moore Utopia
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17. The Anabaptists

• - believers who had undergone spiritual rebirth
  and had been baptized
• - considered all believers to be equal
• - chose their own priest
• - believed in complete separation of church
  and state
• - persecuted by both Catholics and Protestants

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18. Effects on the Role of Women

• - no significant change women are to bear
  children, oversee the home, and obey their
  husband her Christian duty

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19. The Catholic Reformation

• - Ignatius of Loyola founded the Jesuits they
  took a special vow of absolute obedience to the
  pope they were successful in restoring
  Catholicism in some areas
• - 1537, pope Paul III appointed a Reform
  Commission to determine the Churchs problems
• - Council of Trent meets on and off for 18
  yrs reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings
  both faith and good works are necessary for
  salvation, the seven sacraments, clerical
  celibacy indulgences strengthened but selling
  was forbidden

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Ignatius of Loyola
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Pope Paul III
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Council of Trent