The United States in the Cold War

1
The United States in the Cold War

• Chapter 25
• Section 1 Roots of the Cold War
• Section 2 A Time of Prosperity
• Section 3 The Korean War Period
• Section 4 Global Concerns in the Cold War

2
Roots of the Cold War

• Cold War Communist vs. non-Communist
• Yalta Conference Stalin, Churchill, and
  Roosevelt
• Stalin promises democratic governments in Soviet
  controlled European countries
• Iron Curtain is a way of referring to a barrier
  to understanding and information
• Satellite is a nation that is dominated
  politically or economically by a more powerful
  nation

3
Containing Soviet Expansion

• Truman Doctrine
• It must be the policy of the United States to
  support free peoples who are resisting attempted
  subjugation by armed minorities or by outside
  pressures.
• Containment to contain or limit Soviet expansion

4
Containing Soviet Expansion

• Marshall Plan
• Sec. of State George Marshall
• Loan 16 Eur. Countries 12 billion
• Berlin Airlift
• Airlift sending cargo planes to deliver tons of
  supplies to the people
• Cold War Crisis
• Building of the wall

5
International Organizations

• United Nations
• General Assembly, Security Council
• Security Council US, Russia, China, Britain, and
  France (have the power of Veto)
• North Atlantic Treat Organization
• Formal military alliance
• All for one and one for all.
• Warsaw Alliance
• Soviet Pact with satellite countries

6
The Shocks of 1949

• Sept. 49 ? Soviet A-Bomb
• China crosses over

7
Section 2 Prosperity

• Peacetime Adjustments
• Defense Industry
• GI Bill of Rights
• Inflation
• Cong. Passes Taft-Hartley
• 80 day strike delay
• Banned closed shop
• Bans union contributions to political parties
• Closed shop workplace in which only union
  members can be hired

8
Election of 1948

• Truman vs. Dewey
• Different approaches to Campaigning
• Truman wins but does not help with Fair Deal

9
Changing Society

• Computers increase Productivity
• Productivity rate at which workers produce goods
• Increasing Standard of Living for Americans
• Standard of living measure of how comfortable
  life is for a person, group, or country
• Early marriages and larger families result in a
  baby boom.

10
Changing Society

• Leaving the city
• Increased use of the Television
• New music genre Rock-and-Roll
• Elvis Presley
• Cities are hurt
• Loss of tax money
• Inner cities centers of older cities
• City services decline

11
Korean War

• Divided at the 38th parallel
• June 25, 1950 N. Korea invades S. Korea
• Soviet tanks and artillery
• UN Security Council sends force
• MacArthur appointed to lead forces
• Forces pushed back to tip of peninsula

12
Korean War

• MacArthurs Counter-offensive _at_ Inchon
• China invades
• Stalemate a situation in which neither side wins
• Truman v. MacArthur
• Peace talks in 1950
• Last 2 years

13
Peace Results

• Cease-fire July 1953
• Demilitarized zone area from which military
  forces are prohibited
• Still in place today!!!!!

14
Domestic Fears

• Soviet overthrow of American government
• Hiss vs. Chambers
• Americans arrest for passing a-bomb secrets

15
McCarthyism

• Joseph McCarthy Sen. Of Wisconsin
• Threatened the US communists
• Def. Threats without evidence
• 1954 false accusations on tv about the ARMY
• Censure condemn
• McCarthy censured by the Senate

16
Global Concerns

• 1953 Stalin dies and Krushchev takes over
• Superpowers countries whose military, economic,
  and political strength are so great that they can
  influence event worldwide
• 1950s Arms Race
• Arms race a contest in which nations compete to
  build more and more powerful weapons

17
Arms Race

• 1952- first American H-bomb
• Soviets counter with own H-bomb
• China joins with A-bomb in 1964
• 1967 China has H-bomb
• Britain and France develop nuclear weapons
• Stockpiles collections of weapons

18
Space competition

• 1957 Sputnik launched
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  (NASA) created in response
• Also passed National Defense Educaton Act

19
Emerging Nations

• 1961 John F. Kennedy proposes Peace Corps
• Soviets Ghana and Guinea
• War in Congo
• 1946 Philippines gets independence from U.S.
• Ho Chi Minh takes control of Vietnam

20
Other areas of Cold War

• Castro takes over Cuba
• Exiled many Cubans
• Bay of Pigs exiles trained by CIA
• Makes things worse
• Cuban missile Crisis
• 1962 photographs
• Blockade